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Gender Differences in Help‐Seeking: A Meta‐analysis of Japanese Studies, Including Unreported Data1.

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Title: Gender Differences in Help‐Seeking: A Meta‐analysis of Japanese Studies, Including Unreported Data1.
Authors: Nagai, Satoru (AUTHOR), Kimura, Masato (AUTHOR), Honda, Masahiro (AUTHOR), Iida, Toshiharu (AUTHOR), Mizuno, Haruhisa (AUTHOR)
Source: Japanese Psychological Research. Apr2026, Vol. 68 Issue 2, p212-231. 20p.
Subjects: Gender differences (Sociology), Help-seeking behavior, Mental depression, Mental health counseling, College students, Japanese people
Abstract: This meta‐analysis integrated and analyzed previous Japanese findings on gender differences in help‐seeking intentions and attitudes. We searched relevant studies using the Citation Information by the National Institute of Informatics database and identified 85 articles. We also analyzed unreported statistical information provided by the primary authors of these studies. The results indicated that women had a higher tendency of intentions to seek help than men (d = −0.143, 95% CI [−0.196, −0.091], k = 64, n = 29,256). Further analysis of the types of help‐seeking showed that women intended to seek help only from friends and family members. In contrast, university students intended to seek help from psychological professionals, physicians, and other formal sources for depressive symptoms, and this intention was higher among male students. Moreover, women had more favorable attitudes about seeking help than men (d = −0.092, 95% CI [−0.156, −0.027], k = 30, n = 11,536). Furthermore, several analyses indicated heterogeneity. However, we could not identify specific potential moderators. We also found that gender differences were smaller in studies that assessed help‐seeking intentions using unvalidated measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Japanese Psychological Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Gender Differences in Help‐Seeking: A Meta‐analysis of Japanese Studies, Including Unreported Data<superscript>1</superscript>.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nagai%2C+Satoru%22">Nagai, Satoru</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kimura%2C+Masato%22">Kimura, Masato</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Honda%2C+Masahiro%22">Honda, Masahiro</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Iida%2C+Toshiharu%22">Iida, Toshiharu</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mizuno%2C+Haruhisa%22">Mizuno, Haruhisa</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Japanese+Psychological+Research%22">Japanese Psychological Research</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 68 Issue 2, p212-231. 20p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gender+differences+%28Sociology%29%22">Gender differences (Sociology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Help-seeking+behavior%22">Help-seeking behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+depression%22">Mental depression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+health+counseling%22">Mental health counseling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22College+students%22">College students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Japanese+people%22">Japanese people</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: This meta‐analysis integrated and analyzed previous Japanese findings on gender differences in help‐seeking intentions and attitudes. We searched relevant studies using the Citation Information by the National Institute of Informatics database and identified 85 articles. We also analyzed unreported statistical information provided by the primary authors of these studies. The results indicated that women had a higher tendency of intentions to seek help than men (d = −0.143, 95% CI [−0.196, −0.091], k = 64, n = 29,256). Further analysis of the types of help‐seeking showed that women intended to seek help only from friends and family members. In contrast, university students intended to seek help from psychological professionals, physicians, and other formal sources for depressive symptoms, and this intention was higher among male students. Moreover, women had more favorable attitudes about seeking help than men (d = −0.092, 95% CI [−0.156, −0.027], k = 30, n = 11,536). Furthermore, several analyses indicated heterogeneity. However, we could not identify specific potential moderators. We also found that gender differences were smaller in studies that assessed help‐seeking intentions using unvalidated measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Japanese Psychological Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/jpr.12467
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Help-seeking behavior
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      – SubjectFull: Mental depression
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      – SubjectFull: College students
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      – SubjectFull: Japanese people
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            NameFull: Kimura, Masato
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              Text: Apr2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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