Differential growth trajectories of behavioral self-regulation from early childhood to adolescence: Implication for youth domain-general and school-specific outcomes.

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Title: Differential growth trajectories of behavioral self-regulation from early childhood to adolescence: Implication for youth domain-general and school-specific outcomes.
Authors: Liu, Qingyang (AUTHOR), Razza, Rachel A. (AUTHOR), Zhang, Ying (AUTHOR), Merrin, Gabriel J. (AUTHOR)
Source: Applied Developmental Science. 2026, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p182-202. 21p.
Subjects: Child development, Adolescence, Parent-student relationships, Developmental biology, Well-being, Emotion regulation, School bullying, Delinquent behavior
Abstract: The current study examined the developmental trajectories of behavioral self-regulation from early childhood to adolescence and linked them to adolescent domain-general (i.e., positive functioning and delinquent behavior) and school-specific (i.e., school connectedness and peer victimization) outcomes. Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 4009), Growth Mixture Models identified four behavioral self-regulation trajectory classes: early developer (n = 2096, 52.3%), moderate stable (n = 1500, 37.4%), lagged developer (n = 212, 5.2%), and regressor (n = 201, 5%). Child and family characteristics were used to distinguish these four trajectories. The early developer trajectory had the strongest protective effect on adolescent outcomes, showing the highest levels of positive functioning and school connectedness and the lowest levels of delinquent behavior and peer victimization. Conversely, the regressor trajectory was linked with highest risky adolescent outcomes. The findings underscore the importance of implementing targeted intervention programs that promote behavioral self-regulation during middle childhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Applied Developmental Science is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Differential growth trajectories of behavioral self-regulation from early childhood to adolescence: Implication for youth domain-general and school-specific outcomes.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Qingyang%22">Liu, Qingyang</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Razza%2C+Rachel+A%2E%22">Razza, Rachel A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Ying%22">Zhang, Ying</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Merrin%2C+Gabriel+J%2E%22">Merrin, Gabriel J.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Applied+Developmental+Science%22">Applied Developmental Science</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p182-202. 21p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+development%22">Child development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescence%22">Adolescence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parent-student+relationships%22">Parent-student relationships</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Developmental+biology%22">Developmental biology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Well-being%22">Well-being</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotion+regulation%22">Emotion regulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+bullying%22">School bullying</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Delinquent+behavior%22">Delinquent behavior</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The current study examined the developmental trajectories of behavioral self-regulation from early childhood to adolescence and linked them to adolescent domain-general (i.e., positive functioning and delinquent behavior) and school-specific (i.e., school connectedness and peer victimization) outcomes. Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 4009), Growth Mixture Models identified four behavioral self-regulation trajectory classes: early developer (n = 2096, 52.3%), moderate stable (n = 1500, 37.4%), lagged developer (n = 212, 5.2%), and regressor (n = 201, 5%). Child and family characteristics were used to distinguish these four trajectories. The early developer trajectory had the strongest protective effect on adolescent outcomes, showing the highest levels of positive functioning and school connectedness and the lowest levels of delinquent behavior and peer victimization. Conversely, the regressor trajectory was linked with highest risky adolescent outcomes. The findings underscore the importance of implementing targeted intervention programs that promote behavioral self-regulation during middle childhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Applied Developmental Science is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/10888691.2024.2405578
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 182
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Child development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adolescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parent-student relationships
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Developmental biology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Well-being
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emotion regulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: School bullying
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Delinquent behavior
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Differential growth trajectories of behavioral self-regulation from early childhood to adolescence: Implication for youth domain-general and school-specific outcomes.
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            NameFull: Liu, Qingyang
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            NameFull: Razza, Rachel A.
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            NameFull: Zhang, Ying
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            NameFull: Merrin, Gabriel J.
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: Applied Developmental Science
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