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Measurement invariance of the Death Literacy Index across Flemish Belgium, The Netherlands, and Sweden.

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Title: Measurement invariance of the Death Literacy Index across Flemish Belgium, The Netherlands, and Sweden.
Authors: Johansson, Therese (AUTHOR), Bujacz, Aleksandra (AUTHOR), Kowalski, Leo (AUTHOR), Tishelman, Carol (AUTHOR), Nierop-van Baalen, Corine A. (AUTHOR), Eriksson, Lars E. (AUTHOR), Groot, Marieke (AUTHOR), Olsson, Åsa (AUTHOR), Vanderstichelen, Steven (AUTHOR), Cohen, Joachim (AUTHOR), Goliath, Ida (AUTHOR)
Source: Death Studies. 2026, Vol. 50 Issue 5, p815-823. 9p.
Subjects: Death & psychology, Health literacy, Attitudes toward death, Social capital, Research funding, Research methodology evaluation, Statistical sampling, Research evaluation, Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, Psychological well-being, Bereavement, Psychometrics, Research methodology, Ability, Data analysis software, Terminal care, Factor analysis, Confidence intervals, Social support, Sensitivity & specificity (Statistics), Experiential learning, Training, Advance directives (Medical care)
Geographic Terms: Netherlands, Belgium, Sweden
Abstract: Death literacy is a construct conceptualizing experience-based knowledge and skills for end-of-life care, which is operationalized as a six-factor model in the 29-item Death Literacy Index (DLI). The DLI has gained international interest, but its validity across countries is yet unknown. This cross-sectional study therefore assessed its measurement invariance (psychometric equivalence), across Flemish Belgium, the Netherlands, and Sweden. Translated and adapted country-specific DLI versions were developed and completed by 1516 participants in total. Results from a series of multigroup confirmatory factor analyses showed that the DLI met the conditions for configural, scalar, and metric invariance. The findings demonstrate that the DLI measures death literacy in an invariant (equivalent) way across the national samples without systematic contextual bias. Our study provides support for cross-national use of the DLI. Its potential as an appropriate instrument for comparing and evaluating impact of community competence-building interventions is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Death Studies is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Measurement invariance of the Death Literacy Index across Flemish Belgium, The Netherlands, and Sweden.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Johansson%2C+Therese%22">Johansson, Therese</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bujacz%2C+Aleksandra%22">Bujacz, Aleksandra</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kowalski%2C+Leo%22">Kowalski, Leo</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tishelman%2C+Carol%22">Tishelman, Carol</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nierop-van+Baalen%2C+Corine+A%2E%22">Nierop-van Baalen, Corine A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eriksson%2C+Lars+E%2E%22">Eriksson, Lars E.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Groot%2C+Marieke%22">Groot, Marieke</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Olsson%2C+Åsa%22">Olsson, Åsa</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vanderstichelen%2C+Steven%22">Vanderstichelen, Steven</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cohen%2C+Joachim%22">Cohen, Joachim</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Goliath%2C+Ida%22">Goliath, Ida</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Death+Studies%22">Death Studies</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 50 Issue 5, p815-823. 9p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Death+%26+psychology%22">Death & psychology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+literacy%22">Health literacy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attitudes+toward+death%22">Attitudes toward death</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+capital%22">Social capital</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+methodology+evaluation%22">Research methodology evaluation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+sampling%22">Statistical sampling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+evaluation%22">Research evaluation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chi-squared+test%22">Chi-squared test</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+well-being%22">Psychological well-being</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bereavement%22">Bereavement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychometrics%22">Psychometrics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+methodology%22">Research methodology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ability%22">Ability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Terminal+care%22">Terminal care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Factor+analysis%22">Factor analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+support%22">Social support</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sensitivity+%26+specificity+%28Statistics%29%22">Sensitivity & specificity (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Experiential+learning%22">Experiential learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Training%22">Training</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Advance+directives+%28Medical+care%29%22">Advance directives (Medical care)</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Netherlands%22">Netherlands</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Belgium%22">Belgium</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sweden%22">Sweden</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Death literacy is a construct conceptualizing experience-based knowledge and skills for end-of-life care, which is operationalized as a six-factor model in the 29-item Death Literacy Index (DLI). The DLI has gained international interest, but its validity across countries is yet unknown. This cross-sectional study therefore assessed its measurement invariance (psychometric equivalence), across Flemish Belgium, the Netherlands, and Sweden. Translated and adapted country-specific DLI versions were developed and completed by 1516 participants in total. Results from a series of multigroup confirmatory factor analyses showed that the DLI met the conditions for configural, scalar, and metric invariance. The findings demonstrate that the DLI measures death literacy in an invariant (equivalent) way across the national samples without systematic contextual bias. Our study provides support for cross-national use of the DLI. Its potential as an appropriate instrument for comparing and evaluating impact of community competence-building interventions is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Death Studies is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=192729201
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/07481187.2025.2468162
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 815
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Death & psychology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health literacy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Attitudes toward death
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social capital
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical sampling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychological well-being
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bereavement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychometrics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Terminal care
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Factor analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social support
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sensitivity & specificity (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Experiential learning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Training
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Advance directives (Medical care)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Netherlands
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Belgium
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sweden
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Measurement invariance of the Death Literacy Index across Flemish Belgium, The Netherlands, and Sweden.
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
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