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No memory, no effect: action based evaluative conditioning effects are modulated by contingency memory.

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Title: No memory, no effect: action based evaluative conditioning effects are modulated by contingency memory.
Authors: Singh, Tarini (AUTHOR), Walther, Eva (AUTHOR), Frings, Christian (AUTHOR)
Source: Cognition & Emotion. May2026, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p618-635. 18p.
Subjects: Stimulus & response (Psychology), Associative memory (Psychology), Memory testing, Executive function, Conditioned response, Emotional conditioning
Abstract: Evaluative conditioning refers to the change in the liking of a stimulus due to its pairing with another affective stimulus. Action control research indicates that not only affective stimuli, but also affective actions can lead to conditioning effects. While a large number of studies have examined the influence of contingency memory on evaluative conditioning for stimulus-stimulus contingencies, its effect on stimulus-response contingencies has not yet been examined. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to test whether contingency memory modulates action based evaluative conditioning effects. In two experiments (Exp. 1, lab and Exp. 2, online) participants underwent a conditioning procedure and then a memory test. In Experiment 2, an additional task was included in order to test whether enhanced processing of the stimuli modulated the evaluative conditioning effects. The results indicate that the action based evaluative conditioning effect is modulated by contingency memory, such that, an evaluative conditioning effect is only observed when the stimulus-response contingencies could be recalled. These results were replicated across both studies. Additional processing of the CS did not have any effect on the results in the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Cognition & Emotion is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: No memory, no effect: action based evaluative conditioning effects are modulated by contingency memory.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Singh%2C+Tarini%22">Singh, Tarini</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Walther%2C+Eva%22">Walther, Eva</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Frings%2C+Christian%22">Frings, Christian</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Cognition+%26+Emotion%22">Cognition & Emotion</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p618-635. 18p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stimulus+%26+response+%28Psychology%29%22">Stimulus & response (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Associative+memory+%28Psychology%29%22">Associative memory (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Memory+testing%22">Memory testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Executive+function%22">Executive function</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Conditioned+response%22">Conditioned response</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotional+conditioning%22">Emotional conditioning</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Evaluative conditioning refers to the change in the liking of a stimulus due to its pairing with another affective stimulus. Action control research indicates that not only affective stimuli, but also affective actions can lead to conditioning effects. While a large number of studies have examined the influence of contingency memory on evaluative conditioning for stimulus-stimulus contingencies, its effect on stimulus-response contingencies has not yet been examined. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to test whether contingency memory modulates action based evaluative conditioning effects. In two experiments (Exp. 1, lab and Exp. 2, online) participants underwent a conditioning procedure and then a memory test. In Experiment 2, an additional task was included in order to test whether enhanced processing of the stimuli modulated the evaluative conditioning effects. The results indicate that the action based evaluative conditioning effect is modulated by contingency memory, such that, an evaluative conditioning effect is only observed when the stimulus-response contingencies could be recalled. These results were replicated across both studies. Additional processing of the CS did not have any effect on the results in the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Cognition & Emotion is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/02699931.2025.2528920
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 18
        StartPage: 618
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      – SubjectFull: Stimulus & response (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Associative memory (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Memory testing
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      – SubjectFull: Executive function
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      – SubjectFull: Conditioned response
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      – SubjectFull: Emotional conditioning
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      – TitleFull: No memory, no effect: action based evaluative conditioning effects are modulated by contingency memory.
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            NameFull: Singh, Tarini
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            NameFull: Walther, Eva
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            NameFull: Frings, Christian
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: Cognition & Emotion
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