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Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in European Primary Care Pediatric Practices: 2022–2024.

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Title: Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in European Primary Care Pediatric Practices: 2022–2024.
Authors: Lucaccioni, Héloïse (AUTHOR), Maurel, Marine (AUTHOR), Pérez-Gimeno, Gloria (AUTHOR), Buda, Silke (AUTHOR), Sève, Noémie (AUTHOR), Domegan, Lisa (AUTHOR), de Lange, Marit (AUTHOR), Rodrigues, Ana Paula (AUTHOR), Martínez-Baz, Iván (AUTHOR), Hagey, Tove Samuelsson (AUTHOR), Mlinarić, Ivan (AUTHOR), Túri, Gergő (AUTHOR), Lazar, Mihaela (AUTHOR), García Becerril, Marta (AUTHOR), Dürrwald, Ralf (AUTHOR), Enouf, Vincent (AUTHOR), O'Leary, Maureen (AUTHOR), Meijer, Adam (AUTHOR), Guiomar, Raquel (AUTHOR), Trobajo-Sanmartín, Camino (AUTHOR)
Source: Pediatrics. May2026, Vol. 157 Issue 5, p1-12. 1p.
Subjects: Influenza prevention, Influenza epidemiology, Immunization, Medical protocols, Risk assessment, Research funding, Influenza vaccines, Primary health care, Vaccine effectiveness, Interviewing, General practitioners, Logistic regression analysis, Polymerase chain reaction, Descriptive statistics, Influenza, Pediatrics, Vaccination coverage, Case-control method, Research, Influenza A virus, H1N1 subtype, Influenza A virus, H3N2 subtype, Influenza B virus, Vaccines, Comparative studies, Confidence intervals, Psychosocial factors, Evaluation, Disease risk factors, European Union
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the pediatric population (<18 years) attending primary care in the European Union and European Economic Area in 2022/2023 and 2023/2024. METHODS: General practitioners swabbed and interviewed patients with acute respiratory tract infection. We conducted a test-negative case-control study and used logistic regression to estimate VE against any influenza and specific (sub)types, overall and by age group, and within the vaccine recommendation target group. RESULTS: Among 10 368 children in 2022/23, 3286 (32%) tested polymerase chain reaction-positive for influenza virus; among 9270 children in 2023/24, 1567 (17%) tested positive. Influenza A(H3N2) and B predominated in 2022/23, and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in 2023/24. Among the test-negative controls, 17% were part of the vaccine recommendation target group in 2022/23 and 38% in 2023/24. In 2022/23, overall VE against any influenza was 68% (95% CI: 59–76); 57% (95% CI: 26–76) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09; 54% (95% CI: 33–69) against influenza A(H3N2); 83% (95% CI: 74–90) against influenza B. In 2023/24, overall VE against any influenza was 71% (95% CI: 62–78); 75% (95% CI: 64–83) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09; 40% (95% CI: 4–64) against influenza A(H3N2); and 92% (95% CI: 63–100) against influenza B. All VE estimates varied by age and vaccine recommendation target group. CONCLUSIONS: In 2022/23 and 2023/24, more than two-thirds of vaccinated children were protected against primary care-attended influenza infection in Europe. Monitoring VE in children can help inform influenza immunization programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Pediatrics is the property of American Academy of Pediatrics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: OBJECTIVES: To estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the pediatric population (&lt;18 years) attending primary care in the European Union and European Economic Area in 2022/2023 and 2023/2024. METHODS: General practitioners swabbed and interviewed patients with acute respiratory tract infection. We conducted a test-negative case-control study and used logistic regression to estimate VE against any influenza and specific (sub)types, overall and by age group, and within the vaccine recommendation target group. RESULTS: Among 10 368 children in 2022/23, 3286 (32%) tested polymerase chain reaction-positive for influenza virus; among 9270 children in 2023/24, 1567 (17%) tested positive. Influenza A(H3N2) and B predominated in 2022/23, and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in 2023/24. Among the test-negative controls, 17% were part of the vaccine recommendation target group in 2022/23 and 38% in 2023/24. In 2022/23, overall VE against any influenza was 68% (95% CI: 59–76); 57% (95% CI: 26–76) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09; 54% (95% CI: 33–69) against influenza A(H3N2); 83% (95% CI: 74–90) against influenza B. In 2023/24, overall VE against any influenza was 71% (95% CI: 62–78); 75% (95% CI: 64–83) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09; 40% (95% CI: 4–64) against influenza A(H3N2); and 92% (95% CI: 63–100) against influenza B. All VE estimates varied by age and vaccine recommendation target group. CONCLUSIONS: In 2022/23 and 2023/24, more than two-thirds of vaccinated children were protected against primary care-attended influenza infection in Europe. Monitoring VE in children can help inform influenza immunization programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Pediatrics is the property of American Academy of Pediatrics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1542/peds.2025-072907
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Influenza prevention
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Influenza epidemiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Immunization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical protocols
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Influenza vaccines
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Primary health care
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Vaccine effectiveness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interviewing
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      – SubjectFull: General practitioners
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      – SubjectFull: Logistic regression analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Polymerase chain reaction
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      – SubjectFull: Influenza
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      – SubjectFull: Pediatrics
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      – SubjectFull: Vaccination coverage
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      – SubjectFull: Research
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      – SubjectFull: Influenza A virus, H1N1 subtype
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      – SubjectFull: Influenza A virus, H3N2 subtype
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      – SubjectFull: Influenza B virus
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      – SubjectFull: Disease risk factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: European Union
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in European Primary Care Pediatric Practices: 2022–2024.
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