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Cytology and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Testing Performance for Cervical Cancer Screening in Transmasculine Patients.

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Title: Cytology and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Testing Performance for Cervical Cancer Screening in Transmasculine Patients.
Authors: Bolten, Katherine (AUTHOR), Burns, Haley (AUTHOR), Scott, Carter (AUTHOR), Smart, Kyla (AUTHOR), Mittal, Astha (AUTHOR), De Haan, Gene (AUTHOR), Jou, Jessica (AUTHOR), Bruegl, Amanda (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Women's Health (15409996). Jul2026, Vol. 35 Issue 7, p670-676. 7p.
Subjects: Cytology, Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, Testosterone, Perimenopause, Hysterectomy, Cervix uteri tumors, Data analysis, Research funding, Early detection of cancer, Papillomaviruses, Postmenopause, Retrospective studies, Descriptive statistics, Longitudinal method, Colposcopy, Cisgender people, Research, Medical records, Acquisition of data, Pap test, Comparative studies, Data analysis software, Sensitivity & specificity (Statistics)
Abstract: Objective: The primary objective of this study was to estimate the specificity of cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing to predict the presence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (CIN2+) among transmasculine patients. The exploratory objective compared the specificity of cytology and hrHPV tests among three populations: transmasculine patients using testosterone, premenopausal cisgender, and postmenopausal cisgender patients. Design: This multicenter retrospective cohort study included individuals aged 18–65 undergoing cervical cancer screening from 2015 to 2024. Transmasculine patients were included if using ≥ 30 mg daily transdermal or ≥ 30 mg weekly subcutaneous testosterone for at least 6 months with no estrogen supplementation. Patients with co-tests followed by colposcopy or hysterectomy were included in the sensitivity and specificity analysis. McNemar's test was used to examine differences in specificity between cytology and hrHPV tests within each cohort. Results: Of 2,437 records screened, 149 (70 transmasculine, 30 postmenopausal, and 49 premenopausal) met the inclusion criteria with co-tests followed by histologic confirmation via colposcopy or hysterectomy. In the transmasculine cohort, the specificity of screening to predict CIN2+ was comparable between cytology (68.9% [95% CI: 55.7 − 80.1%]) and hrHPV tests (63.9% [95% CI: 50.6 − 75.8%]) with a p -value of 0.26. Sensitivity was equivalent in the transmasculine cohort. In the postmenopausal cohort, specificity was significantly lower for hrHPV screening compared to cytology (24.1% vs. 69.0%). Conclusions: The ability of cytology and hrHPV screening to predict the presence of CIN2 + was not different in the transmasculine population. With high insufficient cytology rates, transitioning to primary hrHPV screening can limit unwanted pelvic exams and unnecessary diagnostic testing in transmasculine patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Women's Health (15409996) is the property of Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Cytology and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Testing Performance for Cervical Cancer Screening in Transmasculine Patients.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bolten%2C+Katherine%22">Bolten, Katherine</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burns%2C+Haley%22">Burns, Haley</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Scott%2C+Carter%22">Scott, Carter</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Smart%2C+Kyla%22">Smart, Kyla</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mittal%2C+Astha%22">Mittal, Astha</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22De+Haan%2C+Gene%22">De Haan, Gene</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jou%2C+Jessica%22">Jou, Jessica</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bruegl%2C+Amanda%22">Bruegl, Amanda</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Women's+Health+%2815409996%29%22">Journal of Women's Health (15409996)</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 35 Issue 7, p670-676. 7p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cytology%22">Cytology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cervical+intraepithelial+neoplasia%22">Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Testosterone%22">Testosterone</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Perimenopause%22">Perimenopause</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hysterectomy%22">Hysterectomy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cervix+uteri+tumors%22">Cervix uteri tumors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis%22">Data analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Early+detection+of+cancer%22">Early detection of cancer</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Papillomaviruses%22">Papillomaviruses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Postmenopause%22">Postmenopause</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Retrospective+studies%22">Retrospective studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+method%22">Longitudinal method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Colposcopy%22">Colposcopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cisgender+people%22">Cisgender people</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research%22">Research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+records%22">Medical records</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acquisition+of+data%22">Acquisition of data</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pap+test%22">Pap test</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sensitivity+%26+specificity+%28Statistics%29%22">Sensitivity & specificity (Statistics)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objective: The primary objective of this study was to estimate the specificity of cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing to predict the presence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (CIN2+) among transmasculine patients. The exploratory objective compared the specificity of cytology and hrHPV tests among three populations: transmasculine patients using testosterone, premenopausal cisgender, and postmenopausal cisgender patients. Design: This multicenter retrospective cohort study included individuals aged 18–65 undergoing cervical cancer screening from 2015 to 2024. Transmasculine patients were included if using ≥ 30 mg daily transdermal or ≥ 30 mg weekly subcutaneous testosterone for at least 6 months with no estrogen supplementation. Patients with co-tests followed by colposcopy or hysterectomy were included in the sensitivity and specificity analysis. McNemar's test was used to examine differences in specificity between cytology and hrHPV tests within each cohort. Results: Of 2,437 records screened, 149 (70 transmasculine, 30 postmenopausal, and 49 premenopausal) met the inclusion criteria with co-tests followed by histologic confirmation via colposcopy or hysterectomy. In the transmasculine cohort, the specificity of screening to predict CIN2+ was comparable between cytology (68.9% [95% CI: 55.7 − 80.1%]) and hrHPV tests (63.9% [95% CI: 50.6 − 75.8%]) with a p -value of 0.26. Sensitivity was equivalent in the transmasculine cohort. In the postmenopausal cohort, specificity was significantly lower for hrHPV screening compared to cytology (24.1% vs. 69.0%). Conclusions: The ability of cytology and hrHPV screening to predict the presence of CIN2 + was not different in the transmasculine population. With high insufficient cytology rates, transitioning to primary hrHPV screening can limit unwanted pelvic exams and unnecessary diagnostic testing in transmasculine patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Women's Health (15409996) is the property of Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=193654821
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1177/15409996261433761
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 7
        StartPage: 670
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Cytology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Testosterone
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Perimenopause
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hysterectomy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cervix uteri tumors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Early detection of cancer
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Papillomaviruses
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Postmenopause
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Retrospective studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Colposcopy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cisgender people
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical records
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Acquisition of data
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      – SubjectFull: Pap test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sensitivity & specificity (Statistics)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Cytology and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Testing Performance for Cervical Cancer Screening in Transmasculine Patients.
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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