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At‐Risk Substance Use Among Trans and Gender Diverse Adults in Australia: Findings From the Private Lives 3 Survey.

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Title: At‐Risk Substance Use Among Trans and Gender Diverse Adults in Australia: Findings From the Private Lives 3 Survey.
Authors: Symes, Emily (AUTHOR), Degenhardt, Louisa (AUTHOR), Amos, Natalie (AUTHOR), Bourne, Adam (AUTHOR), Hill, Adam O. (AUTHOR), McNair, Ruth (AUTHOR), Carman, Marina (AUTHOR), Sutherland, Rachel (AUTHOR)
Source: Drug & Alcohol Review. May2026, Vol. 45 Issue 4, p1-14. 14p.
Subjects: Substance abuse, Sexual assault, LGBTQ+ people, Drug abuse, Alcohol drinking, Health of transgender people, Smoking
Geographic Terms: Australia
Abstract: Introduction: Trans and gender diverse (trans) people face substantial health and social inequities, yet limited data exist regarding substance use patterns among this population in Australia. Methods: Data were sourced from Private Lives 3, a large national survey of LGBTQ+ adults residing in Australia. Trans participants self‐reported sociodemographic characteristics, experiences of discrimination, harassment, violence or exclusion, perceived acceptance and affirmation, psychological distress, sexual assault history and substance use behaviours. Multivariable regression analyses identified factors associated with potentially problematic illicit drug use (DAST‐10 ≥ 3), potentially hazardous drinking (AUDIT‐C ≥ 3), and daily smoking of cigarettes or other tobacco products. Results: Of 1506 trans participants, 23.7% screened positive for potentially problematic illicit drug use, 49.8% for potentially hazardous alcohol use and 8.5% smoked daily. Potentially problematic illicit drug use was associated with unstable housing (aPR = 1.44, p = 0.001), psychological distress (aPR = 1.39, p = 0.022) and sexual assault history (aPR = 1.51, p = 0.001). Potentially hazardous alcohol use was less prevalent among those with affirming partners (aPR = 0.81, p = 0.001) and asexual identity (aPR = 0.65, p = 0.016), but more prevalent among those with a sexual assault history (aPR = 1.17, p = 0.012). Daily smoking was associated with unstable housing (aPR = 1.82, p = 0.002) and sexual assault history (aPR = 2.09, p = 0.002). Discussion and Conclusions: At‐risk substance use among Australian trans adults was most associated with sexual assault and unstable housing, but not gender identity, perceived acceptance, or most experiences of discrimination, harassment, violence, or exclusion. These findings differ from many US studies and may reflect regional sociocultural, legal or healthcare differences, or unmeasured determinants. These findings highlight the need for routine substance‐use screening, trauma‐informed care, and housing and sexual assault support initiatives for trans Australians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Drug & Alcohol Review is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: At‐Risk Substance Use Among Trans and Gender Diverse Adults in Australia: Findings From the Private Lives 3 Survey.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Symes%2C+Emily%22">Symes, Emily</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Degenhardt%2C+Louisa%22">Degenhardt, Louisa</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Amos%2C+Natalie%22">Amos, Natalie</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bourne%2C+Adam%22">Bourne, Adam</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hill%2C+Adam+O%2E%22">Hill, Adam O.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McNair%2C+Ruth%22">McNair, Ruth</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Carman%2C+Marina%22">Carman, Marina</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sutherland%2C+Rachel%22">Sutherland, Rachel</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Drug+%26+Alcohol+Review%22">Drug & Alcohol Review</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 45 Issue 4, p1-14. 14p.
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  Data: Introduction: Trans and gender diverse (trans) people face substantial health and social inequities, yet limited data exist regarding substance use patterns among this population in Australia. Methods: Data were sourced from Private Lives 3, a large national survey of LGBTQ+ adults residing in Australia. Trans participants self‐reported sociodemographic characteristics, experiences of discrimination, harassment, violence or exclusion, perceived acceptance and affirmation, psychological distress, sexual assault history and substance use behaviours. Multivariable regression analyses identified factors associated with potentially problematic illicit drug use (DAST‐10 ≥ 3), potentially hazardous drinking (AUDIT‐C ≥ 3), and daily smoking of cigarettes or other tobacco products. Results: Of 1506 trans participants, 23.7% screened positive for potentially problematic illicit drug use, 49.8% for potentially hazardous alcohol use and 8.5% smoked daily. Potentially problematic illicit drug use was associated with unstable housing (aPR = 1.44, p = 0.001), psychological distress (aPR = 1.39, p = 0.022) and sexual assault history (aPR = 1.51, p = 0.001). Potentially hazardous alcohol use was less prevalent among those with affirming partners (aPR = 0.81, p = 0.001) and asexual identity (aPR = 0.65, p = 0.016), but more prevalent among those with a sexual assault history (aPR = 1.17, p = 0.012). Daily smoking was associated with unstable housing (aPR = 1.82, p = 0.002) and sexual assault history (aPR = 2.09, p = 0.002). Discussion and Conclusions: At‐risk substance use among Australian trans adults was most associated with sexual assault and unstable housing, but not gender identity, perceived acceptance, or most experiences of discrimination, harassment, violence, or exclusion. These findings differ from many US studies and may reflect regional sociocultural, legal or healthcare differences, or unmeasured determinants. These findings highlight the need for routine substance‐use screening, trauma‐informed care, and housing and sexual assault support initiatives for trans Australians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Drug & Alcohol Review is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/dar.70160
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
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      – SubjectFull: Substance abuse
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sexual assault
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      – SubjectFull: LGBTQ+ people
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      – SubjectFull: Alcohol drinking
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      – SubjectFull: Health of transgender people
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      – SubjectFull: Smoking
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      – SubjectFull: Australia
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              Text: May2026
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