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Bike-Riding Training may Improve Communication Skills and Stereotyped Behavior in Adolescents With Autism.

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Title: Bike-Riding Training may Improve Communication Skills and Stereotyped Behavior in Adolescents With Autism.
Authors: Arsham, Saeed (AUTHOR), Mirzaei, Maalek (AUTHOR), Domingos, Christophe (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders. Jun2026, Vol. 56 Issue 6, p2273-2281. 9p.
Subjects: Communicative competence, Exercise physiology, Motor ability, Adolescent development, Oxygen saturation, Heart rate monitoring, T-test (Statistics), Rehabilitation of autistic people, Exercise therapy, Kruskal-Wallis Test, Clinical trials, Brain, Neuroplasticity, Psychology of men, Exercise intensity, Analysis of covariance, Classification of mental disorders, Descriptive statistics, Teenagers' conduct of life, Cycling, Psychology of movement, Control groups, Pre-tests & post-tests, Neurobiology, Research methodology, Cardiovascular system physiology, Interpersonal relations, Intelligence tests, Data analysis software, Physical activity, Nonparametric statistics, Skeletal maturity, Nerve growth factor, Adolescence
Geographic Terms: Iran
Abstract: This research aimed to establish whether 12 weeks of bicycle-riding skills exercises with massed and distributed practice frequency at low and high intensity affect communication performance and stereotyped behavior among adolescent boys with autism. Fifty autistic boys aged 13.3 ± 1.32 years participated in the study. The participants were divided into homogeneous experimental groups (N = 10) with dissimilar training frequencies and intensities, along with a control group. Pre-tests using the GARS-2 test were administered to assess stereotyped behavior and communication skills, followed by post-tests and a one-month follow-up. Non-parametric Kruskal Wallis and ANCOVA results at a significance level of 0.05 showed that there was a significant difference in the post-test of stereotyped behavior and communication skills (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively) and follow-up test one month later (p = 0.003, p = 0.048, respectively) between the intervention and control groups after performing bike riding skills exercises with low and high intensities and frequencies (one and three sessions per week). Regardless of the intensity and frequency, bike riding skills training during the critical period of adolescence can significantly reduce stereotyped behaviors and enhance communication skills, which can also support positive development in other domains for individuals with autism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Bike-Riding Training may Improve Communication Skills and Stereotyped Behavior in Adolescents With Autism.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arsham%2C+Saeed%22">Arsham, Saeed</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mirzaei%2C+Maalek%22">Mirzaei, Maalek</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Domingos%2C+Christophe%22">Domingos, Christophe</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Autism+%26+Developmental+Disorders%22">Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 56 Issue 6, p2273-2281. 9p.
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  Data: This research aimed to establish whether 12 weeks of bicycle-riding skills exercises with massed and distributed practice frequency at low and high intensity affect communication performance and stereotyped behavior among adolescent boys with autism. Fifty autistic boys aged 13.3 ± 1.32 years participated in the study. The participants were divided into homogeneous experimental groups (N = 10) with dissimilar training frequencies and intensities, along with a control group. Pre-tests using the GARS-2 test were administered to assess stereotyped behavior and communication skills, followed by post-tests and a one-month follow-up. Non-parametric Kruskal Wallis and ANCOVA results at a significance level of 0.05 showed that there was a significant difference in the post-test of stereotyped behavior and communication skills (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively) and follow-up test one month later (p = 0.003, p = 0.048, respectively) between the intervention and control groups after performing bike riding skills exercises with low and high intensities and frequencies (one and three sessions per week). Regardless of the intensity and frequency, bike riding skills training during the critical period of adolescence can significantly reduce stereotyped behaviors and enhance communication skills, which can also support positive development in other domains for individuals with autism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=194161928
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s10803-024-06694-8
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 2273
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Communicative competence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Exercise physiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Motor ability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adolescent development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Oxygen saturation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heart rate monitoring
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: T-test (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rehabilitation of autistic people
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Exercise therapy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Kruskal-Wallis Test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Clinical trials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Brain
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neuroplasticity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychology of men
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Exercise intensity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Analysis of covariance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Classification of mental disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Teenagers' conduct of life
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cycling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychology of movement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Control groups
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pre-tests & post-tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neurobiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cardiovascular system physiology
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      – SubjectFull: Interpersonal relations
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      – SubjectFull: Intelligence tests
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      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Physical activity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nonparametric statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Skeletal maturity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nerve growth factor
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adolescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Iran
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Bike-Riding Training may Improve Communication Skills and Stereotyped Behavior in Adolescents With Autism.
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            NameFull: Mirzaei, Maalek
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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