A double standard in evaluating implicit threats.

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Title: A double standard in evaluating implicit threats.
Authors: Hynes, Madison (AUTHOR), Han, Tianshuang (AUTHOR), Snook, Brent (AUTHOR), Fallon, Laura (AUTHOR)
Source: Psychology, Crime & Law. Jun2026, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p727-747. 21p.
Subjects: Double standard, Gang members, Police, Confession (Law), Decision making in law, Threats of violence, Justice administration
Abstract: The perceived acceptability of implicit threats, as a function of messenger type, was examined. Across two experiments, participants (79 undergraduates and 160 community members) read a news article about how a police officer or gang member used an implicit threat to obtain an admission of wrongdoing from a store owner. Participants then provided their opinions about the implied messages, the messenger, and the admissibility of the confession evidence, and were asked to render a verdict. Results showed that the implied threats were viewed more negatively when uttered by a gang member. Ratings of admissibility of the confession evidence were high in both groups and varied little between the groups. Our findings are indicative of a double standard in the justice system whereby the same implicit message is viewed differently depending on who utters the message. The potential implications of these findings on legal decision-making and future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychology, Crime & Law is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: A double standard in evaluating implicit threats.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hynes%2C+Madison%22">Hynes, Madison</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Han%2C+Tianshuang%22">Han, Tianshuang</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Snook%2C+Brent%22">Snook, Brent</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fallon%2C+Laura%22">Fallon, Laura</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychology%2C+Crime+%26+Law%22">Psychology, Crime & Law</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p727-747. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Double+standard%22">Double standard</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gang+members%22">Gang members</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Police%22">Police</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confession+%28Law%29%22">Confession (Law)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Decision+making+in+law%22">Decision making in law</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Threats+of+violence%22">Threats of violence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Justice+administration%22">Justice administration</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The perceived acceptability of implicit threats, as a function of messenger type, was examined. Across two experiments, participants (79 undergraduates and 160 community members) read a news article about how a police officer or gang member used an implicit threat to obtain an admission of wrongdoing from a store owner. Participants then provided their opinions about the implied messages, the messenger, and the admissibility of the confession evidence, and were asked to render a verdict. Results showed that the implied threats were viewed more negatively when uttered by a gang member. Ratings of admissibility of the confession evidence were high in both groups and varied little between the groups. Our findings are indicative of a double standard in the justice system whereby the same implicit message is viewed differently depending on who utters the message. The potential implications of these findings on legal decision-making and future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychology, Crime & Law is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/1068316X.2024.2391398
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 727
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Double standard
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gang members
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Police
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confession (Law)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Decision making in law
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Threats of violence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Justice administration
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: A double standard in evaluating implicit threats.
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            NameFull: Hynes, Madison
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            NameFull: Han, Tianshuang
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            NameFull: Snook, Brent
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            NameFull: Fallon, Laura
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: Psychology, Crime & Law
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