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Cortical complexity in eating disorders: a systematic review and qualitative synthesis.

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Title: Cortical complexity in eating disorders: a systematic review and qualitative synthesis.
Authors: Collantoni, Enrico (AUTHOR), Pessotto, Gianni (AUTHOR), Meregalli, Valentina (AUTHOR), Madan, Christopher R. (AUTHOR), Miola, Alessandro (AUTHOR), Cascino, Giammarco (AUTHOR), Monteleone, Alessio Maria (AUTHOR), Favaro, Angela (AUTHOR)
Source: European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience. Jun2026, Vol. 276 Issue 4, p1941-1957. 17p.
Subjects: Eating disorders, Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia, Brain anatomy, Brain imaging, Neural development
Abstract: Background: Eating disorders (EDs) are complex psychiatric conditions with neurodevelopmental and neuroprogressive underpinnings. Altered cortical morphology, including gyrification patterns, may reflect these processes, offering insights into EDs pathophysiology. Objective: This systematic review and qualitative synthesis aimed to describe available neuroimaging findings on cortical complexity, including gyrification and sulcal morphology, in individuals with EDs compared to healthy controls (HC). Methods: Thirteen studies, including 525 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), 69 patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) and 478 HC, were reviewed. Data on local gyrification index (LGI), sulcal morphology, and related cortical measures were systematically analyzed to identify consistent patterns of brain alterations. Results: A consistent reduction in LGI across frontal, temporal, and parietal regions was reported in patients with acute AN compared to HC. These findings suggest the presence of an altered cortical folding in AN, with alterations that may partially normalize following weight restoration. Studies on bulimia nervosa (BN) are limited, with findings remaining inconclusive. Emerging metrics, such as absolute mean curvature and fractal dimension, provide further insights but lack methodological consistency across studies. Conclusions: Altered cortical folding patterns, particularly decreased gyrification, may reflect neurodevelopmental disruption and the state-dependent effects of malnutrition in AN. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and standardized neuroimaging methods to clarify these findings and expand knowledge on BN and binge eating disorder (BED). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Cortical complexity in eating disorders: a systematic review and qualitative synthesis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Collantoni%2C+Enrico%22">Collantoni, Enrico</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pessotto%2C+Gianni%22">Pessotto, Gianni</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Meregalli%2C+Valentina%22">Meregalli, Valentina</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Madan%2C+Christopher+R%2E%22">Madan, Christopher R.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Miola%2C+Alessandro%22">Miola, Alessandro</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cascino%2C+Giammarco%22">Cascino, Giammarco</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Monteleone%2C+Alessio+Maria%22">Monteleone, Alessio Maria</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Favaro%2C+Angela%22">Favaro, Angela</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Archives+of+Psychiatry+%26+Clinical+Neuroscience%22">European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 276 Issue 4, p1941-1957. 17p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eating+disorders%22">Eating disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anorexia+nervosa%22">Anorexia nervosa</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bulimia%22">Bulimia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+anatomy%22">Brain anatomy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+imaging%22">Brain imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neural+development%22">Neural development</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: Eating disorders (EDs) are complex psychiatric conditions with neurodevelopmental and neuroprogressive underpinnings. Altered cortical morphology, including gyrification patterns, may reflect these processes, offering insights into EDs pathophysiology. Objective: This systematic review and qualitative synthesis aimed to describe available neuroimaging findings on cortical complexity, including gyrification and sulcal morphology, in individuals with EDs compared to healthy controls (HC). Methods: Thirteen studies, including 525 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), 69 patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) and 478 HC, were reviewed. Data on local gyrification index (LGI), sulcal morphology, and related cortical measures were systematically analyzed to identify consistent patterns of brain alterations. Results: A consistent reduction in LGI across frontal, temporal, and parietal regions was reported in patients with acute AN compared to HC. These findings suggest the presence of an altered cortical folding in AN, with alterations that may partially normalize following weight restoration. Studies on bulimia nervosa (BN) are limited, with findings remaining inconclusive. Emerging metrics, such as absolute mean curvature and fractal dimension, provide further insights but lack methodological consistency across studies. Conclusions: Altered cortical folding patterns, particularly decreased gyrification, may reflect neurodevelopmental disruption and the state-dependent effects of malnutrition in AN. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and standardized neuroimaging methods to clarify these findings and expand knowledge on BN and binge eating disorder (BED). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: Jun2026
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