A latent class location-scale regression model with an application to calorie intake data.

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Title: A latent class location-scale regression model with an application to calorie intake data.
Authors: Zhang, Xingruo (AUTHOR), Siddique, Juned (AUTHOR), Spring, Bonnie (AUTHOR), Hedeker, Donald (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Behavioral Medicine. Apr2026, Vol. 49 Issue 2, p275-285. 11p.
Subjects: Statistical models, Computer simulation, Weight loss, Food consumption, Research funding, Computer software, Probability theory, Regulation of body weight, Structural equation modeling, Longitudinal method, Food habits, Regression analysis
Abstract: This study introduces an innovative approach for analyzing longitudinal behavioral data with hidden patterns in mean (location) and intraindividual variability (scale) trajectories, using location-scale regressions with latent classes in both the location and scale parts of the model. A full Bayesian approach using Stan is adopted for the estimation of the model parameters. Using simulation studies, we demonstrate that our latent class model yields more precise and informative results, especially regarding the scale, in data exhibiting hidden patterns. Simulation results also show that our model can achieve unbiased parameter estimates as well as a high correct classification rate without over-identifying latent classes in data lacking hidden heterogeneity. Our study equips researchers with a practical tool for subgrouping subjects based on both mean and within-subject variability trajectories of longitudinal outcomes. As an illustration, the latent class model is applied to calorie intake data from a weight loss management study. The integration of latent classes into intraindividual variability trajectories of calorie intake facilitates an understanding of dietary behavior consistency, aiding in personalized weight management interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Behavioral Medicine is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: A latent class location-scale regression model with an application to calorie intake data.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Xingruo%22">Zhang, Xingruo</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Siddique%2C+Juned%22">Siddique, Juned</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Spring%2C+Bonnie%22">Spring, Bonnie</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hedeker%2C+Donald%22">Hedeker, Donald</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Behavioral+Medicine%22">Journal of Behavioral Medicine</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 49 Issue 2, p275-285. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+models%22">Statistical models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+simulation%22">Computer simulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Weight+loss%22">Weight loss</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Food+consumption%22">Food consumption</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+software%22">Computer software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Probability+theory%22">Probability theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Regulation+of+body+weight%22">Regulation of body weight</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Structural+equation+modeling%22">Structural equation modeling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+method%22">Longitudinal method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Food+habits%22">Food habits</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Regression+analysis%22">Regression analysis</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study introduces an innovative approach for analyzing longitudinal behavioral data with hidden patterns in mean (location) and intraindividual variability (scale) trajectories, using location-scale regressions with latent classes in both the location and scale parts of the model. A full Bayesian approach using Stan is adopted for the estimation of the model parameters. Using simulation studies, we demonstrate that our latent class model yields more precise and informative results, especially regarding the scale, in data exhibiting hidden patterns. Simulation results also show that our model can achieve unbiased parameter estimates as well as a high correct classification rate without over-identifying latent classes in data lacking hidden heterogeneity. Our study equips researchers with a practical tool for subgrouping subjects based on both mean and within-subject variability trajectories of longitudinal outcomes. As an illustration, the latent class model is applied to calorie intake data from a weight loss management study. The integration of latent classes into intraindividual variability trajectories of calorie intake facilitates an understanding of dietary behavior consistency, aiding in personalized weight management interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Behavioral Medicine is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s10865-025-00613-7
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 275
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Statistical models
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Computer simulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Weight loss
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Food consumption
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Computer software
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      – SubjectFull: Probability theory
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      – SubjectFull: Regulation of body weight
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      – SubjectFull: Structural equation modeling
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      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
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      – SubjectFull: Food habits
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Regression analysis
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: A latent class location-scale regression model with an application to calorie intake data.
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            NameFull: Zhang, Xingruo
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            NameFull: Siddique, Juned
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            NameFull: Spring, Bonnie
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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