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Sleep magnetoencephalography enhances detection and source imaging of seizures and fast oscillations in focal cortical dysplasia.

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Title: Sleep magnetoencephalography enhances detection and source imaging of seizures and fast oscillations in focal cortical dysplasia.
Authors: Heers, Marcel (AUTHOR), Afnan, Jawata (AUTHOR), Braun, Christoph (AUTHOR), Grova, Christophe (AUTHOR), Altenmüller, Dirk‐Matthias (AUTHOR), Steinhoff, Bernhard J. (AUTHOR), Dümpelmann, Matthias (AUTHOR), Demerath, Theo (AUTHOR), Urbach, Horst (AUTHOR), Ethofer, Silke (AUTHOR), Siegel, Markus (AUTHOR), Schulze‐Bonhage, Andreas (AUTHOR), Lerche, Holger (AUTHOR), Li Hegner, Yiwen (AUTHOR)
Source: Epilepsia (Series 4). Jun2026, Vol. 67 Issue 6, p2992-3008. 17p.
Subjects: Focal cortical dysplasia, Magnetoencephalography, Brain mapping, Sleep, Oscillations, Seizures (Medicine), Epilepsy, Epilepsy surgery
Abstract: Objective: Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) causes drug‐resistant epilepsy requiring presurgical evaluation. Invasive electroencephalographic (EEG) studies demonstrate that sleep modulates epileptic activity, including interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), fast oscillations (FOs) in the beta (14–40 Hz) and gamma (40–80 Hz) frequency bands, and seizures. This study aimed to quantify sleep‐associated changes in IEDs, FOs, and seizures in FCD patients using noninvasive magnetoencephalography (MEG). Methods: Nineteen patients with FCD were prospectively recruited and underwent simultaneous MEG/EEG recordings lasting 89 ± 19 min during daytime sleep. Sleep stages were classified from the EEG. Beamformer source signals were computed from the MEG signal to enhance sensitivity for visual detection of IEDs, FOs in the beta and gamma frequency bands, and seizures. Magnetic source imaging (MSI) was performed using the Maximum Entropy on the Mean (MEM) method, which is particularly sensitive to the spatial extent of sources, enabling accurate localization of epileptic activity. Results: N1 sleep was reached in 17 of 19 patients and N2 sleep in 14 of 19 patients. Compared to wakefulness, sleep recordings showed significantly higher rates of FOs and seizures (both p <.05), whereas IED rates showed nonsignificant trends. Ten patients demonstrated FOs or seizures, and 12 showed IEDs. MSI of IEDs demonstrated consistent accuracy across vigilance states, with median Euclidean distances of 12.74 mm (interquartile range [IQR] = 22.74) in wake and 8.34 mm (IQR = 27.58) in sleep, and no systematic amplitude or spatial extent changes. Wavelet‐MEM enabled frequency‐specific source imaging, with FOs and seizures localizing concordantly to FCD lesions in five of seven and seven of eight patients, respectively. Significance: Daytime sleep MEG recordings are clinically feasible and significantly enhance the detection of seizures (37% of patients) and FOs compared to wakefulness. Sleep protocols enable noninvasive capture of ictal patterns—the gold standard for epileptogenic zone localization—alongside increased FO rates. These findings support incorporating sleep into standard MEG protocols for presurgical epilepsy evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Epilepsia (Series 4) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Sleep magnetoencephalography enhances detection and source imaging of seizures and fast oscillations in focal cortical dysplasia.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Heers%2C+Marcel%22&quot;&gt;Heers, Marcel&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Afnan%2C+Jawata%22&quot;&gt;Afnan, Jawata&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Braun%2C+Christoph%22&quot;&gt;Braun, Christoph&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Grova%2C+Christophe%22&quot;&gt;Grova, Christophe&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Altenm&#252;ller%2C+Dirk‐Matthias%22&quot;&gt;Altenm&#252;ller, Dirk‐Matthias&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Steinhoff%2C+Bernhard+J%2E%22&quot;&gt;Steinhoff, Bernhard J.&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22D&#252;mpelmann%2C+Matthias%22&quot;&gt;D&#252;mpelmann, Matthias&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Demerath%2C+Theo%22&quot;&gt;Demerath, Theo&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Urbach%2C+Horst%22&quot;&gt;Urbach, Horst&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Ethofer%2C+Silke%22&quot;&gt;Ethofer, Silke&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Siegel%2C+Markus%22&quot;&gt;Siegel, Markus&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Schulze‐Bonhage%2C+Andreas%22&quot;&gt;Schulze‐Bonhage, Andreas&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Lerche%2C+Holger%22&quot;&gt;Lerche, Holger&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Li+Hegner%2C+Yiwen%22&quot;&gt;Li Hegner, Yiwen&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Epilepsia+%28Series+4%29%22&quot;&gt;Epilepsia (Series 4)&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Jun2026, Vol. 67 Issue 6, p2992-3008. 17p.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Focal+cortical+dysplasia%22&quot;&gt;Focal cortical dysplasia&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Magnetoencephalography%22&quot;&gt;Magnetoencephalography&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Brain+mapping%22&quot;&gt;Brain mapping&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Sleep%22&quot;&gt;Sleep&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Oscillations%22&quot;&gt;Oscillations&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Seizures+%28Medicine%29%22&quot;&gt;Seizures (Medicine)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Epilepsy%22&quot;&gt;Epilepsy&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Epilepsy+surgery%22&quot;&gt;Epilepsy surgery&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objective: Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) causes drug‐resistant epilepsy requiring presurgical evaluation. Invasive electroencephalographic (EEG) studies demonstrate that sleep modulates epileptic activity, including interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), fast oscillations (FOs) in the beta (14–40 Hz) and gamma (40–80 Hz) frequency bands, and seizures. This study aimed to quantify sleep‐associated changes in IEDs, FOs, and seizures in FCD patients using noninvasive magnetoencephalography (MEG). Methods: Nineteen patients with FCD were prospectively recruited and underwent simultaneous MEG/EEG recordings lasting 89 &#177; 19 min during daytime sleep. Sleep stages were classified from the EEG. Beamformer source signals were computed from the MEG signal to enhance sensitivity for visual detection of IEDs, FOs in the beta and gamma frequency bands, and seizures. Magnetic source imaging (MSI) was performed using the Maximum Entropy on the Mean (MEM) method, which is particularly sensitive to the spatial extent of sources, enabling accurate localization of epileptic activity. Results: N1 sleep was reached in 17 of 19 patients and N2 sleep in 14 of 19 patients. Compared to wakefulness, sleep recordings showed significantly higher rates of FOs and seizures (both p &lt;.05), whereas IED rates showed nonsignificant trends. Ten patients demonstrated FOs or seizures, and 12 showed IEDs. MSI of IEDs demonstrated consistent accuracy across vigilance states, with median Euclidean distances of 12.74 mm (interquartile range [IQR] = 22.74) in wake and 8.34 mm (IQR = 27.58) in sleep, and no systematic amplitude or spatial extent changes. Wavelet‐MEM enabled frequency‐specific source imaging, with FOs and seizures localizing concordantly to FCD lesions in five of seven and seven of eight patients, respectively. Significance: Daytime sleep MEG recordings are clinically feasible and significantly enhance the detection of seizures (37% of patients) and FOs compared to wakefulness. Sleep protocols enable noninvasive capture of ictal patterns—the gold standard for epileptogenic zone localization—alongside increased FO rates. These findings support incorporating sleep into standard MEG protocols for presurgical epilepsy evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Epilepsia (Series 4) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1002/epi.70191
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 2992
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Focal cortical dysplasia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetoencephalography
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Brain mapping
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sleep
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Oscillations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Seizures (Medicine)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Epilepsy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Epilepsy surgery
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      – TitleFull: Sleep magnetoencephalography enhances detection and source imaging of seizures and fast oscillations in focal cortical dysplasia.
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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