Systematic Review of Managed Care Medicaid Outcomes Versus Fee-for-Service Medicaid Outcomes for Youth in Foster Care.

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Title: Systematic Review of Managed Care Medicaid Outcomes Versus Fee-for-Service Medicaid Outcomes for Youth in Foster Care.
Authors: Breen, Emma R. (AUTHOR), Yasin, Nosherwan (AUTHOR), Luo, Zhidi (AUTHOR), Wescott, Annie B. (AUTHOR), Epstein, Richard A. (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research. Jul2026, Vol. 53 Issue 3, p481-500. 20p.
Subjects: Medicaid, Fee for service (Medical fees), Foster home care, Evidence synthesis, Medical care use, Managed care programs, Youth health
Geographic Terms: United States
Abstract: Transitioning foster care children from fee-for-service (FFS) Medicaid to Medicaid managed care (MMC) plans is increasingly common, yet research on the impact of such transitions is limited. This systematic review addresses this gap by synthesizing evidence on the effects of transitioning foster care children from FFS to MMC on healthcare utilization and costs. Eligibility criteria included peer-reviewed articles on youth in foster care in the United States, aged 0–18 years, comparing selected outcomes under FFS vs. MMC. The outcomes of interest included behavioral, dental, vision, and well-child care. The databases searched were MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library (Wiley), APA PsycINFO (Ebsco), Social Services Abstracts (ProQuest), and Web of Science (Clarivate). A qualitative synthesis of articles meeting the inclusion criteria was performed. Five articles met the inclusion criteria. Three articles yielded mixed findings regarding behavioral healthcare, which was evaluated as having low certainty of evidence. Two articles on well-child visits indicate significant changes when transitioning youth from FFS to MMC coverage, with varied impacts based on how well-child visits were defined and rated moderate certainty of evidence. No articles examined dental or vision outcomes. Results suggest a shortage of empirical evidence on the effects of transitioning from FFS to MMC for children in foster care. Future research should describe insurance benefits packages in greater detail, as not all FFS or MMC programs are the same and continue to study the impacts of such transitions on healthcare utilization and outcomes for this vulnerable group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Systematic Review of Managed Care Medicaid Outcomes Versus Fee-for-Service Medicaid Outcomes for Youth in Foster Care.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Breen%2C+Emma+R%2E%22">Breen, Emma R.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yasin%2C+Nosherwan%22">Yasin, Nosherwan</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Luo%2C+Zhidi%22">Luo, Zhidi</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wescott%2C+Annie+B%2E%22">Wescott, Annie B.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Epstein%2C+Richard+A%2E%22">Epstein, Richard A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Behavioral+Health+Services+%26+Research%22">Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 53 Issue 3, p481-500. 20p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medicaid%22">Medicaid</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fee+for+service+%28Medical+fees%29%22">Fee for service (Medical fees)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foster+home+care%22">Foster home care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evidence+synthesis%22">Evidence synthesis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+care+use%22">Medical care use</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Managed+care+programs%22">Managed care programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Youth+health%22">Youth health</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22United+States%22">United States</searchLink>
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  Data: Transitioning foster care children from fee-for-service (FFS) Medicaid to Medicaid managed care (MMC) plans is increasingly common, yet research on the impact of such transitions is limited. This systematic review addresses this gap by synthesizing evidence on the effects of transitioning foster care children from FFS to MMC on healthcare utilization and costs. Eligibility criteria included peer-reviewed articles on youth in foster care in the United States, aged 0–18 years, comparing selected outcomes under FFS vs. MMC. The outcomes of interest included behavioral, dental, vision, and well-child care. The databases searched were MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library (Wiley), APA PsycINFO (Ebsco), Social Services Abstracts (ProQuest), and Web of Science (Clarivate). A qualitative synthesis of articles meeting the inclusion criteria was performed. Five articles met the inclusion criteria. Three articles yielded mixed findings regarding behavioral healthcare, which was evaluated as having low certainty of evidence. Two articles on well-child visits indicate significant changes when transitioning youth from FFS to MMC coverage, with varied impacts based on how well-child visits were defined and rated moderate certainty of evidence. No articles examined dental or vision outcomes. Results suggest a shortage of empirical evidence on the effects of transitioning from FFS to MMC for children in foster care. Future research should describe insurance benefits packages in greater detail, as not all FFS or MMC programs are the same and continue to study the impacts of such transitions on healthcare utilization and outcomes for this vulnerable group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s11414-025-09987-7
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 20
        StartPage: 481
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Medicaid
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fee for service (Medical fees)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Foster home care
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Evidence synthesis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical care use
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Managed care programs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Youth health
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: United States
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Systematic Review of Managed Care Medicaid Outcomes Versus Fee-for-Service Medicaid Outcomes for Youth in Foster Care.
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            NameFull: Breen, Emma R.
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            NameFull: Luo, Zhidi
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            NameFull: Wescott, Annie B.
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              M: 07
              Text: Jul2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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