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Patient Characteristics Associated with Successful Initiation of Extended-Release Naltrexone in the X:BOT Trial.

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Title: Patient Characteristics Associated with Successful Initiation of Extended-Release Naltrexone in the X:BOT Trial.
Authors: Potter, Kenzie (AUTHOR), Greiner, Miranda (AUTHOR), Shulman, Matisyahu (AUTHOR), Scodes, Jennifer (AUTHOR), Choo, Tse-Hwei (AUTHOR), Pavlicova, Martina (AUTHOR), Novo, Patricia (AUTHOR), Fishman, Marc (AUTHOR), Lee, Joshua D. (AUTHOR), Rotrosen, John (AUTHOR), Nunes, Edward V. (AUTHOR)
Source: Substance Use & Misuse. 2026, Vol. 61 Issue 10, p1662-1671. 10p.
Subjects: Substance abuse, Controlled release preparations, Research funding, Data analysis, Secondary analysis, Questionnaires, Multiple regression analysis, Treatment effectiveness, Symptoms, Descriptive statistics, Research, Statistics, Sociodemographic factors, Comparative studies, Data analysis software, Naltrexone
Geographic Terms: United States
Abstract: Background and aim: Extended-release injectable naltrexone (XR-Naltrexone) is an effective treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD); however, initiation can be challenging as it requires an opioid-free period. This exploratory analysis examines patient characteristics associated with successful initiation of XR-Naltrexone in the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN-0051) Extended-Release Naltrexone versus Buprenorphine for Opioid Treatment (X:BOT) trial. Methods: Patient demographics and clinical variables associated with successful XR-Naltrexone initiation were examined among 283 participants with OUD randomized to XR-Naltrexone in the X:BOT trial. Variables included severity of opioid use, characteristics of opioid and other substance use, treatment history, psychiatric history, baseline depression, and pain. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the effect of variables on the odds of induction success. Results: 204 (72%) of 283 participants randomized to receive XR-Naltrexone completed successful induction. Housing status and pain were significantly associated with XR-Naltrexone induction status. Reported homelessness was significantly associated with higher odds of successful XR-Naltrexone induction (OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.12, 4.76). Individuals that reported moderate or extreme pain on the EuroQoL had half the odds of successful induction compared to those without pain (OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.89). Conclusions: Among patients with OUD initiating treatment on inpatient units, homelessness was associated with greater likelihood of successfully initiating XR-Naltrexone, while chronic pain was associated with lower likelihood of XR-Naltrexone initiation. Future research on XR-Naltrexone initiation should consider tailoring treatment based on housing status and other social determinants, and evaluation and management of pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Substance Use & Misuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Patient Characteristics Associated with Successful Initiation of Extended-Release Naltrexone in the X:BOT Trial.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Potter%2C+Kenzie%22">Potter, Kenzie</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Greiner%2C+Miranda%22">Greiner, Miranda</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shulman%2C+Matisyahu%22">Shulman, Matisyahu</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Scodes%2C+Jennifer%22">Scodes, Jennifer</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Choo%2C+Tse-Hwei%22">Choo, Tse-Hwei</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pavlicova%2C+Martina%22">Pavlicova, Martina</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Novo%2C+Patricia%22">Novo, Patricia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fishman%2C+Marc%22">Fishman, Marc</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lee%2C+Joshua+D%2E%22">Lee, Joshua D.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rotrosen%2C+John%22">Rotrosen, John</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nunes%2C+Edward+V%2E%22">Nunes, Edward V.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Substance+Use+%26+Misuse%22">Substance Use & Misuse</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 61 Issue 10, p1662-1671. 10p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Substance+abuse%22">Substance abuse</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Controlled+release+preparations%22">Controlled release preparations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis%22">Data analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Secondary+analysis%22">Secondary analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multiple+regression+analysis%22">Multiple regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Treatment+effectiveness%22">Treatment effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Symptoms%22">Symptoms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research%22">Research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistics%22">Statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sociodemographic+factors%22">Sociodemographic factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Naltrexone%22">Naltrexone</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22United+States%22">United States</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background and aim: Extended-release injectable naltrexone (XR-Naltrexone) is an effective treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD); however, initiation can be challenging as it requires an opioid-free period. This exploratory analysis examines patient characteristics associated with successful initiation of XR-Naltrexone in the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN-0051) Extended-Release Naltrexone versus Buprenorphine for Opioid Treatment (X:BOT) trial. Methods: Patient demographics and clinical variables associated with successful XR-Naltrexone initiation were examined among 283 participants with OUD randomized to XR-Naltrexone in the X:BOT trial. Variables included severity of opioid use, characteristics of opioid and other substance use, treatment history, psychiatric history, baseline depression, and pain. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the effect of variables on the odds of induction success. Results: 204 (72%) of 283 participants randomized to receive XR-Naltrexone completed successful induction. Housing status and pain were significantly associated with XR-Naltrexone induction status. Reported homelessness was significantly associated with higher odds of successful XR-Naltrexone induction (OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.12, 4.76). Individuals that reported moderate or extreme pain on the EuroQoL had half the odds of successful induction compared to those without pain (OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.89). Conclusions: Among patients with OUD initiating treatment on inpatient units, homelessness was associated with greater likelihood of successfully initiating XR-Naltrexone, while chronic pain was associated with lower likelihood of XR-Naltrexone initiation. Future research on XR-Naltrexone initiation should consider tailoring treatment based on housing status and other social determinants, and evaluation and management of pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Substance Use & Misuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/10826084.2026.2617963
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Substance abuse
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      – SubjectFull: Controlled release preparations
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      – SubjectFull: Naltrexone
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      – SubjectFull: United States
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