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Primary Care Autism Screening with the Parent's Observations of Social Interactions.

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Title: Primary Care Autism Screening with the Parent's Observations of Social Interactions.
Authors: Carbone, Paul S. (AUTHOR), Campbell, Kathleen (AUTHOR), Villalobos, Michele (AUTHOR), Stuart, Ashley (AUTHOR), Ellzey, Allison (AUTHOR), Stoddard, Gregory J. (AUTHOR), Roundy, Jakob (AUTHOR), Tripp, Zachary T. (AUTHOR), Stipelman, Carole (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders. Jul2026, Vol. 56 Issue 7, p2493-2503. 11p.
Subjects: Diagnosis of autism, Predictive tests, Research funding, Infant psychology, Primary health care, Scientific observation, Medical care, Multiple regression analysis, Autism, Retrospective studies, Families, Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, Longitudinal method, Odds ratio, Medical records, Acquisition of data, Medical appointments, Child development, Intraclass correlation, Asperger's syndrome, Medical screening, Interpersonal relations, Psychology of parents, Early diagnosis, Comparative studies, Data analysis software, Confidence intervals, Medical referrals, Sensitivity & specificity (Statistics), Regression analysis, Children
Abstract: Purpose: To report results of the Parent's Observations of Social Interactions (POSI) and identify associations between POSI results with referrals for developmental evaluations and autism diagnoses. Methods: We examined data from electronic health records of POSI-screened children attending 18- and 24-month health supervision visits from July 2018 to July 2022 for POSI screening results and autism diagnoses. Descriptive statistics and regression models were used for analysis. Results: In 6669 POSI-screened children (age at follow-up, 42–107 months), 1065 of 4228 children screened at 18 months (25.2%) and 851 of 4896 children at 24 months (17.4%) screened positive. In 1079 children with positive POSI screenings, 233 children (21%) were referred for developmental evaluation. Autism was diagnosed in 184 of all 6669 children (2.8%). The POSI sensitivity for autism was 66.4% (95% CI 59.2–72.8%) and the positive predictive value was 9.2% (95% CI 7.4–10.6%). A positive POSI increased the likelihood of autism diagnosis at 18 months (adjusted odds ratio, 5.21; 95% CI 3.45–7.86) and 24 months (adjusted odds ratio 10.21; 95% CI 7.07–14.76). Autism was diagnosed 13 months earlier in children with a positive rather than negative POSI (35.5 vs 48.1 months; P < 0.001). Conclusion: The POSI is a sensitive screening instrument for autism with a low positive predictive value (high percentage of false positive screenings), indicating the need for clarification about which children require further evaluation. Screening positive on the POSI was associated with a greater likelihood and earlier diagnosis of children with autism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Purpose: To report results of the Parent&#39;s Observations of Social Interactions (POSI) and identify associations between POSI results with referrals for developmental evaluations and autism diagnoses. Methods: We examined data from electronic health records of POSI-screened children attending 18- and 24-month health supervision visits from July 2018 to July 2022 for POSI screening results and autism diagnoses. Descriptive statistics and regression models were used for analysis. Results: In 6669 POSI-screened children (age at follow-up, 42–107 months), 1065 of 4228 children screened at 18 months (25.2%) and 851 of 4896 children at 24 months (17.4%) screened positive. In 1079 children with positive POSI screenings, 233 children (21%) were referred for developmental evaluation. Autism was diagnosed in 184 of all 6669 children (2.8%). The POSI sensitivity for autism was 66.4% (95% CI 59.2–72.8%) and the positive predictive value was 9.2% (95% CI 7.4–10.6%). A positive POSI increased the likelihood of autism diagnosis at 18 months (adjusted odds ratio, 5.21; 95% CI 3.45–7.86) and 24 months (adjusted odds ratio 10.21; 95% CI 7.07–14.76). Autism was diagnosed 13 months earlier in children with a positive rather than negative POSI (35.5 vs 48.1 months; P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: The POSI is a sensitive screening instrument for autism with a low positive predictive value (high percentage of false positive screenings), indicating the need for clarification about which children require further evaluation. Screening positive on the POSI was associated with a greater likelihood and earlier diagnosis of children with autism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Journal of Autism &amp; Developmental Disorders is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10803-025-06759-2
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Diagnosis of autism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Predictive tests
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Infant psychology
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      – SubjectFull: Primary health care
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      – SubjectFull: Autism
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      – SubjectFull: Families
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      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
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      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
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      – SubjectFull: Medical screening
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      – SubjectFull: Children
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      – TitleFull: Primary Care Autism Screening with the Parent's Observations of Social Interactions.
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              Text: Jul2026
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