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Understanding the Creative Thinking Contribution in Design Fluency: Graph Theory Analysis.

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Title: Understanding the Creative Thinking Contribution in Design Fluency: Graph Theory Analysis.
Authors: Chen, Pei-Zhen (AUTHOR), Wu, Ching-Lin (AUTHOR), Chen, Hsueh-Chih (AUTHOR)
Source: Creativity Research Journal. Jul-Sep2026, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p617-632. 16p.
Subjects: Creative thinking, Graph theory, Diffusion tensor imaging, Large-scale brain networks, Brain imaging, Executive function, Divergent thinking
Abstract: Design fluency is the ability to create innovative figural designs, often associated with executive function but also involving creative thinking (divergent thinking). Traditional assessments focus primarily on fluency, overlooking the multifaceted nature of creativity. This study explores the role of creative thinking in design fluency. The creative thinking of design fluency was developed to add flexibility (variety of figural categories) and originality (uniqueness of designs) to traditional fluency measures. Seventy-two participants completed the Design Fluency Test and their diffusion tensor imaging data were collected. The results show that design fluency and design originality are closely related to topological properties of the brain network, including clustering coefficient, small-world properties, global efficiency and local efficiency. However, design flexibility is not related to topological properties. In node efficiency, design fluency was positively correlated with node efficiency in the bilateral superior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus and right superior temporal gyrus. Design originality was significantly positively correlated with the right superior frontal gyrus and left medial frontal gyrus. This study highlights the contribution of creative thinking to design fluency and underlines the importance of investigating different multifaceted nature of creativity in the context of design fluency tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Creativity Research Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Understanding the Creative Thinking Contribution in Design Fluency: Graph Theory Analysis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Pei-Zhen%22">Chen, Pei-Zhen</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wu%2C+Ching-Lin%22">Wu, Ching-Lin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Hsueh-Chih%22">Chen, Hsueh-Chih</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Creativity+Research+Journal%22">Creativity Research Journal</searchLink>. Jul-Sep2026, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p617-632. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Creative+thinking%22">Creative thinking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Graph+theory%22">Graph theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diffusion+tensor+imaging%22">Diffusion tensor imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Large-scale+brain+networks%22">Large-scale brain networks</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+imaging%22">Brain imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Executive+function%22">Executive function</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Divergent+thinking%22">Divergent thinking</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Design fluency is the ability to create innovative figural designs, often associated with executive function but also involving creative thinking (divergent thinking). Traditional assessments focus primarily on fluency, overlooking the multifaceted nature of creativity. This study explores the role of creative thinking in design fluency. The creative thinking of design fluency was developed to add flexibility (variety of figural categories) and originality (uniqueness of designs) to traditional fluency measures. Seventy-two participants completed the Design Fluency Test and their diffusion tensor imaging data were collected. The results show that design fluency and design originality are closely related to topological properties of the brain network, including clustering coefficient, small-world properties, global efficiency and local efficiency. However, design flexibility is not related to topological properties. In node efficiency, design fluency was positively correlated with node efficiency in the bilateral superior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus and right superior temporal gyrus. Design originality was significantly positively correlated with the right superior frontal gyrus and left medial frontal gyrus. This study highlights the contribution of creative thinking to design fluency and underlines the importance of investigating different multifaceted nature of creativity in the context of design fluency tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Creativity Research Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/10400419.2025.2515285
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 617
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      – SubjectFull: Creative thinking
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Graph theory
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      – SubjectFull: Diffusion tensor imaging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Large-scale brain networks
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      – SubjectFull: Brain imaging
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      – SubjectFull: Executive function
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      – SubjectFull: Divergent thinking
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      – TitleFull: Understanding the Creative Thinking Contribution in Design Fluency: Graph Theory Analysis.
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            NameFull: Chen, Pei-Zhen
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            NameFull: Wu, Ching-Lin
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul-Sep2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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