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Differences in Peer Norm Perceptions Before and After E-Cigarette Initiation Among Youth and Young Adults.

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Title: Differences in Peer Norm Perceptions Before and After E-Cigarette Initiation Among Youth and Young Adults.
Authors: Yu, Linda Q. (AUTHOR), D'Esterre, Alexander P. (AUTHOR), Koris, Kristiann (AUTHOR), Liu, Michael (AUTHOR), Hair, Elizabeth C. (AUTHOR)
Source: Substance Use & Misuse. 2026, Vol. 61 Issue 12, p2231-2239. 9p.
Subjects: Repeated measures design, Statistical correlation, Electronic cigarettes, Affinity groups, Social norms, Social perception, Radioisotopes, Descriptive statistics, Longitudinal method, Fluorine isotopes, Social skills, Confidence intervals, Data analysis software, Adolescence
Geographic Terms: United States
Abstract: Background: We aim to elucidate differences in peer norm perceptions before and after e-cigarette initiation among young people over time. Methods: We used data from initially e-cigarette naïve participants in the Truth Longitudinal Survey (TLC), a nationally representative longitudinal dataset of youth and young adults spanning Fall/Winter 2020 and Fall/Winter 2022. We used repeated measures mixed effects models to examine changes in reported perceived peer norm and susceptibility measures of e-cigarette use (acceptance for social e-cigarette use, likelihood of accepting an e-cigarette from a friend, perceived friend disapproval of e-cigarette use, perceived number of close friends using e-cigarettes, and estimated proportion of peer e-cigarette use). Results: We find that participants who initiated e-cigarette use by the second wave were already more likely to report perceptions of higher peer e-cigarette acceptance for most of the measures at baseline, compared to participants who did not initiate. However, the increase in these perceived peer acceptance measures from the baseline wave to the second wave is significantly greater for initiators. Notably, the estimated proportion of the perceived peer e-cigarette use measure did not differ between groups at baseline, and non-initiators had decreased in their peer use estimates by the second wave relative to initiators. Conclusions: We find that young people who would go on to initiate e-cigarette use already had elevated perceptions of peer acceptance of e-cigarettes at baseline, but these effects are amplified after initiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Substance Use & Misuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Differences in Peer Norm Perceptions Before and After E-Cigarette Initiation Among Youth and Young Adults.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yu%2C+Linda+Q%2E%22">Yu, Linda Q.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22D'Esterre%2C+Alexander+P%2E%22">D'Esterre, Alexander P.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Koris%2C+Kristiann%22">Koris, Kristiann</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Michael%22">Liu, Michael</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hair%2C+Elizabeth+C%2E%22">Hair, Elizabeth C.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Substance+Use+%26+Misuse%22">Substance Use & Misuse</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 61 Issue 12, p2231-2239. 9p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Repeated+measures+design%22">Repeated measures design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+correlation%22">Statistical correlation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electronic+cigarettes%22">Electronic cigarettes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Affinity+groups%22">Affinity groups</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+norms%22">Social norms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+perception%22">Social perception</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radioisotopes%22">Radioisotopes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+method%22">Longitudinal method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluorine+isotopes%22">Fluorine isotopes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+skills%22">Social skills</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescence%22">Adolescence</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22United+States%22">United States</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: We aim to elucidate differences in peer norm perceptions before and after e-cigarette initiation among young people over time. Methods: We used data from initially e-cigarette naïve participants in the Truth Longitudinal Survey (TLC), a nationally representative longitudinal dataset of youth and young adults spanning Fall/Winter 2020 and Fall/Winter 2022. We used repeated measures mixed effects models to examine changes in reported perceived peer norm and susceptibility measures of e-cigarette use (acceptance for social e-cigarette use, likelihood of accepting an e-cigarette from a friend, perceived friend disapproval of e-cigarette use, perceived number of close friends using e-cigarettes, and estimated proportion of peer e-cigarette use). Results: We find that participants who initiated e-cigarette use by the second wave were already more likely to report perceptions of higher peer e-cigarette acceptance for most of the measures at baseline, compared to participants who did not initiate. However, the increase in these perceived peer acceptance measures from the baseline wave to the second wave is significantly greater for initiators. Notably, the estimated proportion of the perceived peer e-cigarette use measure did not differ between groups at baseline, and non-initiators had decreased in their peer use estimates by the second wave relative to initiators. Conclusions: We find that young people who would go on to initiate e-cigarette use already had elevated perceptions of peer acceptance of e-cigarettes at baseline, but these effects are amplified after initiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Substance Use & Misuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=197136517
RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/10826084.2026.2649450
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 2231
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Repeated measures design
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical correlation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electronic cigarettes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Affinity groups
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social norms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social perception
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radioisotopes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
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      – SubjectFull: Fluorine isotopes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social skills
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      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
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      – SubjectFull: Adolescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: United States
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Differences in Peer Norm Perceptions Before and After E-Cigarette Initiation Among Youth and Young Adults.
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            NameFull: Yu, Linda Q.
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            NameFull: Koris, Kristiann
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            NameFull: Liu, Michael
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            – D: 01
              M: 10
              Text: 2026
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