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The association of GRB 060218 with a supernova and the evolution of the shock wave.

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Title: The association of GRB 060218 with a supernova and the evolution of the shock wave.
Authors: Campana, S., Mangano, V., Blustin, A. J., Brown, P., Burrows, D. N., Chincarini, G., Cummings, J. R., Cusumano, G., Valle, M. Della, Malesani, D., Mészáros, P., Nousek, J. A., Page, M., Sakamoto, T., Waxman, E., Zhang, B., Dai, Z. G., Gehrels, N., Immler, S., Marshall, F. E.
Source: Nature. 8/31/2006, Vol. 442 Issue 7106, p1008-1010. 3p. 3 Graphs.
Subjects: Shock waves, Supernovae, X-ray bursts, Supernovae as distance indicators
Abstract: Although the link between long γ-ray bursts (GRBs) and supernovae has been established, hitherto there have been no observations of the beginning of a supernova explosion and its intimate link to a GRB. In particular, we do not know how the jet that defines a γ-ray burst emerges from the star's surface, nor how a GRB progenitor explodes. Here we report observations of the relatively nearby GRB 060218 (ref. 5) and its connection to supernova SN 2006aj (ref. 6). In addition to the classical non-thermal emission, GRB 060218 shows a thermal component in its X-ray spectrum, which cools and shifts into the optical/ultraviolet band as time passes. We interpret these features as arising from the break-out of a shock wave driven by a mildly relativistic shell into the dense wind surrounding the progenitor. We have caught a supernova in the act of exploding, directly observing the shock break-out, which indicates that the GRB progenitor was a Wolf–Rayet star. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nature is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: The association of GRB 060218 with a supernova and the evolution of the shock wave.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Campana%2C+S%2E%22">Campana, S.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mangano%2C+V%2E%22">Mangano, V.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Blustin%2C+A%2E+J%2E%22">Blustin, A. J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brown%2C+P%2E%22">Brown, P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burrows%2C+D%2E+N%2E%22">Burrows, D. N.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chincarini%2C+G%2E%22">Chincarini, G.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cummings%2C+J%2E+R%2E%22">Cummings, J. R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cusumano%2C+G%2E%22">Cusumano, G.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Valle%2C+M%2E+Della%22">Valle, M. Della</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Malesani%2C+D%2E%22">Malesani, D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mészáros%2C+P%2E%22">Mészáros, P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nousek%2C+J%2E+A%2E%22">Nousek, J. A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Page%2C+M%2E%22">Page, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sakamoto%2C+T%2E%22">Sakamoto, T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Waxman%2C+E%2E%22">Waxman, E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+B%2E%22">Zhang, B.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dai%2C+Z%2E+G%2E%22">Dai, Z. G.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gehrels%2C+N%2E%22">Gehrels, N.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Immler%2C+S%2E%22">Immler, S.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marshall%2C+F%2E+E%2E%22">Marshall, F. E.</searchLink>
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  Data: Although the link between long γ-ray bursts (GRBs) and supernovae has been established, hitherto there have been no observations of the beginning of a supernova explosion and its intimate link to a GRB. In particular, we do not know how the jet that defines a γ-ray burst emerges from the star's surface, nor how a GRB progenitor explodes. Here we report observations of the relatively nearby GRB 060218 (ref. 5) and its connection to supernova SN 2006aj (ref. 6). In addition to the classical non-thermal emission, GRB 060218 shows a thermal component in its X-ray spectrum, which cools and shifts into the optical/ultraviolet band as time passes. We interpret these features as arising from the break-out of a shock wave driven by a mildly relativistic shell into the dense wind surrounding the progenitor. We have caught a supernova in the act of exploding, directly observing the shock break-out, which indicates that the GRB progenitor was a Wolf–Rayet star. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Nature is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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