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Thirty years on -- a large anti-Flynn effect? The Piagetian test Volume & Heaviness norms 1975-2003.

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Title: Thirty years on -- a large anti-Flynn effect? The Piagetian test Volume & Heaviness norms 1975-2003.
Authors: Shayer, Michael (AUTHOR), Ginsburg, Denise (AUTHOR), Coe, Robert (AUTHOR)
Source: British Journal of Educational Psychology. Mar2007, Vol. 77 Issue 1, p25-41. 17p.
Subjects: Psychological research, School children, Constructivism (Education), Flynn effect, Distribution (Probability theory), Regression analysis, Psychometrics, Mathematics, Science
Abstract: Background. Volume & Heaviness was one of three Piagetian tests used in the CSMS survey in 1975/76. However unlike psychometric tests showing the Flynn effect—that is with students showing steady improvements year by year requiring tests to be restandardized—it appeared that the performance of Y7 students has recently been getting steadily worse. Aims. A sample of schools sufficiently large and representative was chosen so that the hypothesis of worsening performance could be tested, and estimated quantitatively. Sample. Sixty-nine Y7 school year groups containing pupil data on the Volume & Heaviness test and the University of Durham CEM Centre MidYIS test were located giving a sample of 10, 023 students covering the years 2000 to 2003. Method. Regression of the students' school mean on Volume & Heaviness on the schools' mean MidYIS 1999 standardized score, and computing the regression at MidYS = 100 allows comparison with that found in 1976. Results. The mean drops in scores from 1976 to 2003 were boys = 1.13 and girls = 0.6 levels. A differential of 0.50 standard deviations in favour of boys in 1976 had completely disappeared by the year 2002. Between 1976 and 2003 the effect-size of the drop in the boys' performance was 1.04 standard deviations, and for girls was 0.55 standard deviations. Conclusion. The idea that children leaving primary school are getting more and more intelligent and competent—whether it is viewed in terms of the Flynn effect, or in terms of government statistics on performance in Key Stage 2 SATS in mathematics and science—is put into question by these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of British Journal of Educational Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Thirty years on -- a large anti-Flynn effect? The Piagetian test Volume & Heaviness norms 1975-2003.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22British+Journal+of+Educational+Psychology%22">British Journal of Educational Psychology</searchLink>. Mar2007, Vol. 77 Issue 1, p25-41. 17p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+research%22">Psychological research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+children%22">School children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Constructivism+%28Education%29%22">Constructivism (Education)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flynn+effect%22">Flynn effect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Distribution+%28Probability+theory%29%22">Distribution (Probability theory)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Regression+analysis%22">Regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychometrics%22">Psychometrics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mathematics%22">Mathematics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Science%22">Science</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background. Volume & Heaviness was one of three Piagetian tests used in the CSMS survey in 1975/76. However unlike psychometric tests showing the Flynn effect—that is with students showing steady improvements year by year requiring tests to be restandardized—it appeared that the performance of Y7 students has recently been getting steadily worse. Aims. A sample of schools sufficiently large and representative was chosen so that the hypothesis of worsening performance could be tested, and estimated quantitatively. Sample. Sixty-nine Y7 school year groups containing pupil data on the Volume & Heaviness test and the University of Durham CEM Centre MidYIS test were located giving a sample of 10, 023 students covering the years 2000 to 2003. Method. Regression of the students' school mean on Volume & Heaviness on the schools' mean MidYIS 1999 standardized score, and computing the regression at MidYS = 100 allows comparison with that found in 1976. Results. The mean drops in scores from 1976 to 2003 were boys = 1.13 and girls = 0.6 levels. A differential of 0.50 standard deviations in favour of boys in 1976 had completely disappeared by the year 2002. Between 1976 and 2003 the effect-size of the drop in the boys' performance was 1.04 standard deviations, and for girls was 0.55 standard deviations. Conclusion. The idea that children leaving primary school are getting more and more intelligent and competent—whether it is viewed in terms of the Flynn effect, or in terms of government statistics on performance in Key Stage 2 SATS in mathematics and science—is put into question by these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of British Journal of Educational Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – TitleFull: Thirty years on -- a large anti-Flynn effect? The Piagetian test Volume & Heaviness norms 1975-2003.
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              Text: Mar2007
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