View in EDS PDF Full Text

Exercise training-induced improvements in insulin action.

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: Exercise training-induced improvements in insulin action.
Authors: Hawley, J. A., Lessard, S. J.
Source: Acta Physiologica. Jan2008, Vol. 192 Issue 1, p127-135. 9p. 1 Diagram.
Subjects: Insulin, Glucose, Physical fitness, Exercise, Proteins
Abstract: Individuals with insulin resistance are characterized by impaired insulin action on whole-body glucose uptake, in part due to impaired insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into skeletal muscle. A single bout of exercise increases skeletal muscle glucose uptake via an insulin-independent mechanism that bypasses the typical insulin signalling defects associated with these conditions. However, this ‘insulin sensitizing’ effect is short-lived and disappears after ∼48 h. In contrast, repeated physical activity (i.e. exercise training) results in a persistent increase in insulin action in skeletal muscle from obese and insulin-resistant individuals. The molecular mechanism(s) for the enhanced glucose uptake with exercise training have been attributed to the increased expression and/or activity of key signalling proteins involved in the regulation of glucose uptake and metabolism in skeletal muscle. Evidence now suggests that the improvements in insulin sensitivity associated with exercise training are also related to changes in the expression and/or activity of proteins involved in insulin signal transduction in skeletal muscle such as the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the protein kinase B (Akt) substrate AS160. In addition, increased lipid oxidation and/or turnover is likely to be another mechanism by which exercise improves insulin sensitivity: exercise training results in an increase in the oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle by up-regulating lipid oxidation and the expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. Determination of the underlying biological mechanisms that result from exercise training is essential in order to define the precise variations in physical activity that result in the most desired effects on targeted risk factors, and to aid in the development of such interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Acta Physiologica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
FullText Links:
  – Type: pdflink
Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: pbh
DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
An: 27871972
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Exercise training-induced improvements in insulin action.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hawley%2C+J%2E+A%2E%22">Hawley, J. A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lessard%2C+S%2E+J%2E%22">Lessard, S. J.</searchLink>
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Acta+Physiologica%22">Acta Physiologica</searchLink>. Jan2008, Vol. 192 Issue 1, p127-135. 9p. 1 Diagram.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Insulin%22">Insulin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glucose%22">Glucose</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physical+fitness%22">Physical fitness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Exercise%22">Exercise</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Proteins%22">Proteins</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Individuals with insulin resistance are characterized by impaired insulin action on whole-body glucose uptake, in part due to impaired insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into skeletal muscle. A single bout of exercise increases skeletal muscle glucose uptake via an insulin-independent mechanism that bypasses the typical insulin signalling defects associated with these conditions. However, this ‘insulin sensitizing’ effect is short-lived and disappears after ∼48 h. In contrast, repeated physical activity (i.e. exercise training) results in a persistent increase in insulin action in skeletal muscle from obese and insulin-resistant individuals. The molecular mechanism(s) for the enhanced glucose uptake with exercise training have been attributed to the increased expression and/or activity of key signalling proteins involved in the regulation of glucose uptake and metabolism in skeletal muscle. Evidence now suggests that the improvements in insulin sensitivity associated with exercise training are also related to changes in the expression and/or activity of proteins involved in insulin signal transduction in skeletal muscle such as the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the protein kinase B (Akt) substrate AS160. In addition, increased lipid oxidation and/or turnover is likely to be another mechanism by which exercise improves insulin sensitivity: exercise training results in an increase in the oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle by up-regulating lipid oxidation and the expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. Determination of the underlying biological mechanisms that result from exercise training is essential in order to define the precise variations in physical activity that result in the most desired effects on targeted risk factors, and to aid in the development of such interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Acta Physiologica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=27871972
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2007.01783.x
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 127
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Insulin
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Glucose
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Physical fitness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Exercise
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Proteins
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Exercise training-induced improvements in insulin action.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hawley, J. A.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Lessard, S. J.
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: Jan2008
              Type: published
              Y: 2008
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 17481708
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 192
            – Type: issue
              Value: 1
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Acta Physiologica
              Type: main
ResultId 1