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Inter-individual differences in novelty-seeking behavior in rats predict differential responses to desipramine in the forced swim test.

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Title: Inter-individual differences in novelty-seeking behavior in rats predict differential responses to desipramine in the forced swim test.
Authors: Jama, A., Cecchi, M., Calvo, N., Watson, S., Akil, H.
Source: Psychopharmacology. Jun2008, Vol. 198 Issue 3, p333-340. 8p. 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs.
Subjects: Antidepressants, Noradrenaline, Neurotransmitter uptake inhibitors, Fluoxetine, Novelty (Perception), Drug efficacy, Physiology
Abstract: Antidepressant medications are effective only in a subpopulation of patients with depression, and some patients respond to certain drugs, but not others. The biological bases for these clinical observations remain unexplained. To investigate individual differences in response to antidepressants, we have examined the effects of the norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor desipramine (DMI) and the selective serotonin reutake inhibitor fluoxetine (FLU) in the forced swim test (FST) in rats that differ in their emotional behavior. As response to novelty correlates with numerous other measures of emotionality and substance abuse, we contrasted animals that are high responders (HR) in a novel environment with animals that are low responders (LR) and asked whether the two groups exhibit differential responses to DMI (10mg/kg) and FLU (20mg/kg). At the behavioral level, DMI caused a significant decrease in immobility in LR animals only, while FLU caused a significant reduction in immobility in both groups. Moreover, at the neural level, DMI treatment led to a decrease in FST-induced c-fos messenger RNA levels in medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) in LR but not HR animals. Taken together, our results suggest that the HR-LR model is a useful tool to investigate individual differences in responses to norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) and that a differential activation of PFC and/or PVN could underlie some of the inter-individual differences in the efficacy of NRIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychopharmacology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Inter-individual differences in novelty-seeking behavior in rats predict differential responses to desipramine in the forced swim test.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychopharmacology%22">Psychopharmacology</searchLink>. Jun2008, Vol. 198 Issue 3, p333-340. 8p. 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antidepressants%22">Antidepressants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Noradrenaline%22">Noradrenaline</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neurotransmitter+uptake+inhibitors%22">Neurotransmitter uptake inhibitors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluoxetine%22">Fluoxetine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Novelty+%28Perception%29%22">Novelty (Perception)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drug+efficacy%22">Drug efficacy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physiology%22">Physiology</searchLink>
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  Data: Antidepressant medications are effective only in a subpopulation of patients with depression, and some patients respond to certain drugs, but not others. The biological bases for these clinical observations remain unexplained. To investigate individual differences in response to antidepressants, we have examined the effects of the norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor desipramine (DMI) and the selective serotonin reutake inhibitor fluoxetine (FLU) in the forced swim test (FST) in rats that differ in their emotional behavior. As response to novelty correlates with numerous other measures of emotionality and substance abuse, we contrasted animals that are high responders (HR) in a novel environment with animals that are low responders (LR) and asked whether the two groups exhibit differential responses to DMI (10mg/kg) and FLU (20mg/kg). At the behavioral level, DMI caused a significant decrease in immobility in LR animals only, while FLU caused a significant reduction in immobility in both groups. Moreover, at the neural level, DMI treatment led to a decrease in FST-induced c-fos messenger RNA levels in medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) in LR but not HR animals. Taken together, our results suggest that the HR-LR model is a useful tool to investigate individual differences in responses to norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) and that a differential activation of PFC and/or PVN could underlie some of the inter-individual differences in the efficacy of NRIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychopharmacology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: Jun2008
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