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Endocrinology of Stress.

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Title: Endocrinology of Stress.
Authors: Romero, L. Michael, Butler, Luke K.
Source: International Journal of Comparative Psychology. 2007, Vol. 20 Issue 2/3, p89-95. 7p.
Subjects: Anti-inflammatory agents, Catecholamines, Glucocorticoids, Physiological stress, Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, Adrenocortical hormones
Abstract: When an animal detects a stressor, it initiates a stress response. The physiological aspects of this stress response are mediated through two endocrine systems. The catecholamine hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine are released from the adrenal medulla very rapidly and have numerous effects on behavior, metabolism, and the cardiovascular system. This is commonly termed the Fight-or-Flight response. On a longer time scale, the glucocorticoid hormones are released from the adrenal cortex. They interact with intracellular receptors and initiate gene transcription. This production of new proteins means that glucocorticoids have a delayed, but more sustained, effect than the catecholamines. The glucocorticoids orchestrate a wide array of responses to the stressor. They have direct effects on behavior, metabolism and energy trafficking, reproduction, growth, and the immune system. The sum total of these responses is designed to help the animal survive a short-term stressful stimulus. However, under conditions of long-term stress, the glucocorticoid-mediated effects become maladaptive and can lead to disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Comparative Psychology is the property of International Society for Comparative Psychology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Endocrinology of Stress.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Romero%2C+L%2E+Michael%22">Romero, L. Michael</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Butler%2C+Luke+K%2E%22">Butler, Luke K.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Comparative+Psychology%22">International Journal of Comparative Psychology</searchLink>. 2007, Vol. 20 Issue 2/3, p89-95. 7p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anti-inflammatory+agents%22">Anti-inflammatory agents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Catecholamines%22">Catecholamines</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glucocorticoids%22">Glucocorticoids</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physiological+stress%22">Physiological stress</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal+axis%22">Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adrenocortical+hormones%22">Adrenocortical hormones</searchLink>
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  Data: When an animal detects a stressor, it initiates a stress response. The physiological aspects of this stress response are mediated through two endocrine systems. The catecholamine hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine are released from the adrenal medulla very rapidly and have numerous effects on behavior, metabolism, and the cardiovascular system. This is commonly termed the Fight-or-Flight response. On a longer time scale, the glucocorticoid hormones are released from the adrenal cortex. They interact with intracellular receptors and initiate gene transcription. This production of new proteins means that glucocorticoids have a delayed, but more sustained, effect than the catecholamines. The glucocorticoids orchestrate a wide array of responses to the stressor. They have direct effects on behavior, metabolism and energy trafficking, reproduction, growth, and the immune system. The sum total of these responses is designed to help the animal survive a short-term stressful stimulus. However, under conditions of long-term stress, the glucocorticoid-mediated effects become maladaptive and can lead to disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Comparative Psychology is the property of International Society for Comparative Psychology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.46867/ijcp.2007.20.02.15
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 7
        StartPage: 89
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      – SubjectFull: Anti-inflammatory agents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Catecholamines
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Glucocorticoids
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Physiological stress
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      – SubjectFull: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
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      – SubjectFull: Adrenocortical hormones
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              Text: 2007
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