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Misalignments of rest–activity rhythms in inpatients with schizophrenia.

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Title: Misalignments of rest–activity rhythms in inpatients with schizophrenia.
Authors: Kodaka, Manami (AUTHOR), Tanaka, Satoshi (AUTHOR), Takahara, Madoka (AUTHOR), Inamoto, Atsuko (AUTHOR), Shirakawa, Shuichiro (AUTHOR), Inagaki, Masatoshi (AUTHOR), Kato, Nobumasa (AUTHOR), Yamada, Mitsuhiko (AUTHOR)
Source: Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences. Feb2010, Vol. 64 Issue 1, p88-94. 7p. 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: People with schizophrenia, Activity programs in psychiatric day treatment, Tranquilizing drugs, Nonparametric statistics, Social adjustment, Schizophrenia
Abstract: Aims: Rest–activity rhythms of human beings generally synchronize to a 24-h time cue. Very few detailed research studies have examined rest–activity rhythms in patients with schizophrenia. The present study aimed to explore (i) rest–activity rhythms in patients with schizophrenia, and (ii) factors relevant to their rhythm characteristics. Methods: We selected only inpatients for this research, because the time cue for inpatients was considered more standardized than that of outpatients. Sixteen inpatients with schizophrenia wore an ActiTrac accelerometer-based activity monitor (IM Systems Inc., Baltimore, USA) for eight consecutive days to measure their activity. We used a χ2 periodogram to compute rest–activity rhythms from the activity data, whereby the χ2 value amplitude was regarded as an index of regularity. We conducted non-parametric tests to identify factors relevant to rhythm cycles and patterns. Results: Half of the participants exhibited prolonged rest–activity cycles, and 25% also had irregular rest–activity patterns defined by insufficient χ2 value amplitude, even though they were clearly under a 24-h time cue. Participants with misaligned rest–activity rhythms had attended daytime non-medical treatment programs less frequently, and had received more anti-anxiety/hypnotic medications than those with proper rhythms. Conclusion: Changes in rest–activity rhythms by optimizing pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment could improve social adjustment or quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Misalignments of rest–activity rhythms in inpatients with schizophrenia.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kodaka%2C+Manami%22">Kodaka, Manami</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tanaka%2C+Satoshi%22">Tanaka, Satoshi</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Takahara%2C+Madoka%22">Takahara, Madoka</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Inamoto%2C+Atsuko%22">Inamoto, Atsuko</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shirakawa%2C+Shuichiro%22">Shirakawa, Shuichiro</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Inagaki%2C+Masatoshi%22">Inagaki, Masatoshi</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kato%2C+Nobumasa%22">Kato, Nobumasa</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yamada%2C+Mitsuhiko%22">Yamada, Mitsuhiko</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychiatry+%26+Clinical+Neurosciences%22">Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences</searchLink>. Feb2010, Vol. 64 Issue 1, p88-94. 7p. 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22People+with+schizophrenia%22">People with schizophrenia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Activity+programs+in+psychiatric+day+treatment%22">Activity programs in psychiatric day treatment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tranquilizing+drugs%22">Tranquilizing drugs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nonparametric+statistics%22">Nonparametric statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+adjustment%22">Social adjustment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Schizophrenia%22">Schizophrenia</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Aims: Rest–activity rhythms of human beings generally synchronize to a 24-h time cue. Very few detailed research studies have examined rest–activity rhythms in patients with schizophrenia. The present study aimed to explore (i) rest–activity rhythms in patients with schizophrenia, and (ii) factors relevant to their rhythm characteristics. Methods: We selected only inpatients for this research, because the time cue for inpatients was considered more standardized than that of outpatients. Sixteen inpatients with schizophrenia wore an ActiTrac accelerometer-based activity monitor (IM Systems Inc., Baltimore, USA) for eight consecutive days to measure their activity. We used a χ2 periodogram to compute rest–activity rhythms from the activity data, whereby the χ2 value amplitude was regarded as an index of regularity. We conducted non-parametric tests to identify factors relevant to rhythm cycles and patterns. Results: Half of the participants exhibited prolonged rest–activity cycles, and 25% also had irregular rest–activity patterns defined by insufficient χ2 value amplitude, even though they were clearly under a 24-h time cue. Participants with misaligned rest–activity rhythms had attended daytime non-medical treatment programs less frequently, and had received more anti-anxiety/hypnotic medications than those with proper rhythms. Conclusion: Changes in rest–activity rhythms by optimizing pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment could improve social adjustment or quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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