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Clinical and pharmacologic risk factors for neuroleptic malignant syndrome and their association with death.

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Title: Clinical and pharmacologic risk factors for neuroleptic malignant syndrome and their association with death.
Authors: Tural, Ümit (AUTHOR), Önder, Emin (AUTHOR)
Source: Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences. Feb2010, Vol. 64 Issue 1, p79-87. 9p. 3 Charts.
Subjects: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, Mortality, Antipsychotic agents, Psychoses, Bromocriptine, Benzodiazepines
Abstract: Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate demographics, clinical features, psychiatric diagnoses and prognosis of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) reported in Turkey, and to assess their association with mortality. Methods: Data on all reported cases of NMS in the Turkish Psychiatric Index between 1985 and 2005 were collected. The type, dosage and administration period of neuroleptics, the clinical and laboratory findings; and prognosis were compared in terms of mortality. Results: Thirty-six patients with a mean age of 33.67 ± 16.98 years were identified. Fifteen (41.7%) were diagnosed as having schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders and the same number were diagnosed as having affective disorder. Remaining five (13.9%) were diagnosed with other psychiatric disorders and 1 (2.7%) had no psychiatric diagnosis. Twenty-two (61.1%) of the NMS cases were associated with high potency typical neuroleptics. Association between an atypical antipsychotic and NMS has been reported in one case. NMS appeared within 7 days after initiation of the antipsychotic medication in the majority of samples ( n = 19, 52.8%). Several combinations of rescue treatments were used in the majority of cases ( n = 19, 52.8%), although bromocriptine ( n = 22, 61.1%) was the most frequently preferred rescue treatment for NMS. Benzodiazepines were significantly better than the other treatment options in preventing mortality. Five out of the 36 patients (13.9%) with NMS had died. Age was the only significant independent factor that was associated with mortality. Conclusions: Benzodiazepines may be included in the treatment of NMS. The mortality rate due to NMS in Turkey was lower than the previously reported rates from other developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Clinical and pharmacologic risk factors for neuroleptic malignant syndrome and their association with death.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tural%2C+Ümit%22">Tural, Ümit</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Önder%2C+Emin%22">Önder, Emin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychiatry+%26+Clinical+Neurosciences%22">Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences</searchLink>. Feb2010, Vol. 64 Issue 1, p79-87. 9p. 3 Charts.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neuroleptic+malignant+syndrome%22">Neuroleptic malignant syndrome</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mortality%22">Mortality</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antipsychotic+agents%22">Antipsychotic agents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychoses%22">Psychoses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bromocriptine%22">Bromocriptine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Benzodiazepines%22">Benzodiazepines</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate demographics, clinical features, psychiatric diagnoses and prognosis of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) reported in Turkey, and to assess their association with mortality. Methods: Data on all reported cases of NMS in the Turkish Psychiatric Index between 1985 and 2005 were collected. The type, dosage and administration period of neuroleptics, the clinical and laboratory findings; and prognosis were compared in terms of mortality. Results: Thirty-six patients with a mean age of 33.67 ± 16.98 years were identified. Fifteen (41.7%) were diagnosed as having schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders and the same number were diagnosed as having affective disorder. Remaining five (13.9%) were diagnosed with other psychiatric disorders and 1 (2.7%) had no psychiatric diagnosis. Twenty-two (61.1%) of the NMS cases were associated with high potency typical neuroleptics. Association between an atypical antipsychotic and NMS has been reported in one case. NMS appeared within 7 days after initiation of the antipsychotic medication in the majority of samples ( n = 19, 52.8%). Several combinations of rescue treatments were used in the majority of cases ( n = 19, 52.8%), although bromocriptine ( n = 22, 61.1%) was the most frequently preferred rescue treatment for NMS. Benzodiazepines were significantly better than the other treatment options in preventing mortality. Five out of the 36 patients (13.9%) with NMS had died. Age was the only significant independent factor that was associated with mortality. Conclusions: Benzodiazepines may be included in the treatment of NMS. The mortality rate due to NMS in Turkey was lower than the previously reported rates from other developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2009.02042.x
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      – SubjectFull: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
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      – SubjectFull: Antipsychotic agents
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              Text: Feb2010
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