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Phase-preserving amplification near the quantum limit with a Josephson ring modulator.

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Title: Phase-preserving amplification near the quantum limit with a Josephson ring modulator.
Authors: Bergeal, N., Schackert, F., Metcalfe, M., Vijay, R., Manucharyan, V. E., Frunzio, L., Prober, D. E., Schoelkopf, R. J., Girvin, S. M., Devoret, M. H.
Source: Nature. 5/6/2010, Vol. 465 Issue 7294, p64-68. 5p. 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs.
Subjects: Quantum communication, Frequency changers, Electronic modulators, Electromagnetic fields, Electronic amplifiers, Analog data, Bandwidths, Microwaves, Digital communications
Abstract: Recent progress in solid-state quantum information processing has stimulated the search for amplifiers and frequency converters with quantum-limited performance in the microwave range. Depending on the gain applied to the quadratures of a single spatial and temporal mode of the electromagnetic field, linear amplifiers can be classified into two categories (phase sensitive and phase preserving) with fundamentally different noise properties. Phase-sensitive amplifiers use squeezing to reduce the quantum noise, but are useful only in cases in which a reference phase is attached to the signal, such as in homodyne detection. A phase-preserving amplifier would be preferable in many applications, but such devices have not been available until now. Here we experimentally realize a proposal for an intrinsically phase-preserving, superconducting parametric amplifier of non-degenerate type. It is based on a Josephson ring modulator, which consists of four Josephson junctions in a Wheatstone bridge configuration. The device symmetry greatly enhances the purity of the amplification process and simplifies both its operation and its analysis. The measured characteristics of the amplifier in terms of gain and bandwidth are in good agreement with analytical predictions. Using a newly developed noise source, we show that the upper bound on the total system noise of our device under real operating conditions is three times the quantum limit. We foresee applications in the area of quantum analog signal processing, such as quantum non-demolition single-shot readout of qubits, quantum feedback and the production of entangled microwave signal pairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nature is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bergeal%2C+N%2E%22">Bergeal, N.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schackert%2C+F%2E%22">Schackert, F.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Metcalfe%2C+M%2E%22">Metcalfe, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vijay%2C+R%2E%22">Vijay, R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Manucharyan%2C+V%2E+E%2E%22">Manucharyan, V. E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Frunzio%2C+L%2E%22">Frunzio, L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Prober%2C+D%2E+E%2E%22">Prober, D. E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schoelkopf%2C+R%2E+J%2E%22">Schoelkopf, R. J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Girvin%2C+S%2E+M%2E%22">Girvin, S. M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Devoret%2C+M%2E+H%2E%22">Devoret, M. H.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nature%22">Nature</searchLink>. 5/6/2010, Vol. 465 Issue 7294, p64-68. 5p. 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs.
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  Data: Recent progress in solid-state quantum information processing has stimulated the search for amplifiers and frequency converters with quantum-limited performance in the microwave range. Depending on the gain applied to the quadratures of a single spatial and temporal mode of the electromagnetic field, linear amplifiers can be classified into two categories (phase sensitive and phase preserving) with fundamentally different noise properties. Phase-sensitive amplifiers use squeezing to reduce the quantum noise, but are useful only in cases in which a reference phase is attached to the signal, such as in homodyne detection. A phase-preserving amplifier would be preferable in many applications, but such devices have not been available until now. Here we experimentally realize a proposal for an intrinsically phase-preserving, superconducting parametric amplifier of non-degenerate type. It is based on a Josephson ring modulator, which consists of four Josephson junctions in a Wheatstone bridge configuration. The device symmetry greatly enhances the purity of the amplification process and simplifies both its operation and its analysis. The measured characteristics of the amplifier in terms of gain and bandwidth are in good agreement with analytical predictions. Using a newly developed noise source, we show that the upper bound on the total system noise of our device under real operating conditions is three times the quantum limit. We foresee applications in the area of quantum analog signal processing, such as quantum non-demolition single-shot readout of qubits, quantum feedback and the production of entangled microwave signal pairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Nature is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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