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Impaired verbal self-monitoring in individuals at high risk of psychosis.

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Title: Impaired verbal self-monitoring in individuals at high risk of psychosis.
Authors: Johns, L. C., Allen, P., Valli, I., Winton-Brown, T., Broome, M., Woolley, J., Tabraham, P., Day, F., Howes, O., Wykes, T., McGuire, P.
Source: Psychological Medicine. Sep2010, Vol. 40 Issue 9, p1433-1442. 10p.
Subjects: Mental health, Psychoses, Self-monitoring (Psychology), Speech, Oral communication, People with schizophrenia
Abstract: Background. Cognitive models suggest that auditory verbal hallucinations arise through defective self-monitoring and the external attribution of inner speech. We used a paradigm that engages verbal self-monitoring (VSM) to examine whether this process is impaired in people experiencing prodromal symptoms, who have a very high risk of developing psychosis. Method. We tested 31 individuals with an At-Risk Mental State (ARMS) and 31 healthy volunteers. Participants read single adjectives aloud while the source and pitch of the online auditory verbal feedback was manipulated, then immediately identified the source of the speech they heard (Self/Other/Unsure). Response choice and reaction time were recorded. Results. When reading aloud with distorted feedback of their own voice, ARMS participants made more errors than controls (misidentifications and unsure responses). ARMS participants misidentified the source of their speech as 'Other' when the level of acoustic distortion was severe, and misidentification errors were inversely related to reaction times. Conclusions. Impaired VSM is evident in people with an ARMS, although the deficit seems to be less marked than in patients with schizophrenia. Follow-up of these participants may clarify the extent to which the severity of this impairment predicts the subsequent onset of psychosis and development of positive symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Impaired verbal self-monitoring in individuals at high risk of psychosis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Johns%2C+L%2E+C%2E%22">Johns, L. C.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Allen%2C+P%2E%22">Allen, P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Valli%2C+I%2E%22">Valli, I.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Winton-Brown%2C+T%2E%22">Winton-Brown, T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Broome%2C+M%2E%22">Broome, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Woolley%2C+J%2E%22">Woolley, J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tabraham%2C+P%2E%22">Tabraham, P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Day%2C+F%2E%22">Day, F.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Howes%2C+O%2E%22">Howes, O.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wykes%2C+T%2E%22">Wykes, T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McGuire%2C+P%2E%22">McGuire, P.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychological+Medicine%22">Psychological Medicine</searchLink>. Sep2010, Vol. 40 Issue 9, p1433-1442. 10p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+health%22">Mental health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychoses%22">Psychoses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self-monitoring+%28Psychology%29%22">Self-monitoring (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech%22">Speech</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oral+communication%22">Oral communication</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22People+with+schizophrenia%22">People with schizophrenia</searchLink>
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  Data: Background. Cognitive models suggest that auditory verbal hallucinations arise through defective self-monitoring and the external attribution of inner speech. We used a paradigm that engages verbal self-monitoring (VSM) to examine whether this process is impaired in people experiencing prodromal symptoms, who have a very high risk of developing psychosis. Method. We tested 31 individuals with an At-Risk Mental State (ARMS) and 31 healthy volunteers. Participants read single adjectives aloud while the source and pitch of the online auditory verbal feedback was manipulated, then immediately identified the source of the speech they heard (Self/Other/Unsure). Response choice and reaction time were recorded. Results. When reading aloud with distorted feedback of their own voice, ARMS participants made more errors than controls (misidentifications and unsure responses). ARMS participants misidentified the source of their speech as 'Other' when the level of acoustic distortion was severe, and misidentification errors were inversely related to reaction times. Conclusions. Impaired VSM is evident in people with an ARMS, although the deficit seems to be less marked than in patients with schizophrenia. Follow-up of these participants may clarify the extent to which the severity of this impairment predicts the subsequent onset of psychosis and development of positive symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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