Synaptic versus extrasynaptic NMDA receptor signalling: implications for neurodegenerative disorders.

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Title: Synaptic versus extrasynaptic NMDA receptor signalling: implications for neurodegenerative disorders.
Authors: Hardingham, Giles E., Bading, Hilmar
Source: Nature Reviews Neuroscience. Oct2010, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p682-696. 15p. 1 Black and White Photograph, 6 Diagrams.
Subjects: Methyl aspartate, Neurodegeneration, Neural receptors, Neural stimulation, Cell death, Etiology of diseases, Animal experimentation, Cell receptors, Cellular signal transduction, Comparative studies, Gene expression, Research methodology, Medical cooperation, Nervous system, Research, Oxidative stress, Evaluation research, Neuroprotective agents
Abstract: There is a long-standing paradox that NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors (NMDARs) can both promote neuronal health and kill neurons. Recent studies show that NMDAR-induced responses depend on the receptor location: stimulation of synaptic NMDARs, acting primarily through nuclear Ca(2+) signalling, leads to the build-up of a neuroprotective 'shield', whereas stimulation of extrasynaptic NMDARs promotes cell death. These differences result from the activation of distinct genomic programmes and from opposing actions on intracellular signalling pathways. Perturbations in the balance between synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDAR activity contribute to neuronal dysfunction in acute ischaemia and Huntington's disease, and could be a common theme in the aetiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroprotective therapies should aim to both enhance the effect of synaptic activity and disrupt extrasynaptic NMDAR-dependent death signalling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nature Reviews Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Synaptic versus extrasynaptic NMDA receptor signalling: implications for neurodegenerative disorders.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hardingham%2C+Giles+E%2E%22">Hardingham, Giles E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bading%2C+Hilmar%22">Bading, Hilmar</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nature+Reviews+Neuroscience%22">Nature Reviews Neuroscience</searchLink>. Oct2010, Vol. 11 Issue 10, p682-696. 15p. 1 Black and White Photograph, 6 Diagrams.
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  Data: There is a long-standing paradox that NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors (NMDARs) can both promote neuronal health and kill neurons. Recent studies show that NMDAR-induced responses depend on the receptor location: stimulation of synaptic NMDARs, acting primarily through nuclear Ca(2+) signalling, leads to the build-up of a neuroprotective 'shield', whereas stimulation of extrasynaptic NMDARs promotes cell death. These differences result from the activation of distinct genomic programmes and from opposing actions on intracellular signalling pathways. Perturbations in the balance between synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDAR activity contribute to neuronal dysfunction in acute ischaemia and Huntington's disease, and could be a common theme in the aetiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroprotective therapies should aim to both enhance the effect of synaptic activity and disrupt extrasynaptic NMDAR-dependent death signalling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Nature Reviews Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1038/nrn2911
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      – SubjectFull: Methyl aspartate
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      – SubjectFull: Neural receptors
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      – SubjectFull: Neural stimulation
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      – SubjectFull: Cell death
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      – SubjectFull: Etiology of diseases
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      – SubjectFull: Animal experimentation
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      – SubjectFull: Cell receptors
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      – SubjectFull: Cellular signal transduction
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      – SubjectFull: Evaluation research
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      – SubjectFull: Neuroprotective agents
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      – TitleFull: Synaptic versus extrasynaptic NMDA receptor signalling: implications for neurodegenerative disorders.
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              Text: Oct2010
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