Gene expression divergence recapitulates the developmental hourglass model.
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| Title: | Gene expression divergence recapitulates the developmental hourglass model. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Kalinka, Alex T., Varga, Karolina M., Gerrard, Dave T., Preibisch, Stephan, Corcoran, David L., Jarrells, Julia, Ohler, Uwe, Bergman, Casey M., Tomancak, Pavel |
| Source: | Nature. 12/9/2010, Vol. 468 Issue 7325, p811-814. 4p. 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph. |
| Subjects: | Gene expression, Embryonic stem cells, Embryology, Drosophila, Animal morphology, Molecular biology, Biological divergence |
| Abstract: | The observation that animal morphology tends to be conserved during the embryonic phylotypic period (a period of maximal similarity between the species within each animal phylum) led to the proposition that embryogenesis diverges more extensively early and late than in the middle, known as the hourglass model. This pattern of conservation is thought to reflect a major constraint on the evolution of animal body plans. Despite a wealth of morphological data confirming that there is often remarkable divergence in the early and late embryos of species from the same phylum, it is not yet known to what extent gene expression evolution, which has a central role in the elaboration of different animal forms, underpins the morphological hourglass pattern. Here we address this question using species-specific microarrays designed from six sequenced Drosophila species separated by up to 40 million years. We quantify divergence at different times during embryogenesis, and show that expression is maximally conserved during the arthropod phylotypic period. By fitting different evolutionary models to each gene, we show that at each time point more than 80% of genes fit best to models incorporating stabilizing selection, and that for genes whose evolutionarily optimal expression level is the same across all species, selective constraint is maximized during the phylotypic period. The genes that conform most to the hourglass pattern are involved in key developmental processes. These results indicate that natural selection acts to conserve patterns of gene expression during mid-embryogenesis, and provide a genome-wide insight into the molecular basis of the hourglass pattern of developmental evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Nature is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 55774523 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Gene expression divergence recapitulates the developmental hourglass model. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kalinka%2C+Alex+T%2E%22">Kalinka, Alex T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Varga%2C+Karolina+M%2E%22">Varga, Karolina M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gerrard%2C+Dave+T%2E%22">Gerrard, Dave T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Preibisch%2C+Stephan%22">Preibisch, Stephan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Corcoran%2C+David+L%2E%22">Corcoran, David L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jarrells%2C+Julia%22">Jarrells, Julia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ohler%2C+Uwe%22">Ohler, Uwe</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bergman%2C+Casey+M%2E%22">Bergman, Casey M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tomancak%2C+Pavel%22">Tomancak, Pavel</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nature%22">Nature</searchLink>. 12/9/2010, Vol. 468 Issue 7325, p811-814. 4p. 2 Diagrams, 1 Graph. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gene+expression%22">Gene expression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Embryonic+stem+cells%22">Embryonic stem cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Embryology%22">Embryology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drosophila%22">Drosophila</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Animal+morphology%22">Animal morphology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Molecular+biology%22">Molecular biology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biological+divergence%22">Biological divergence</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: The observation that animal morphology tends to be conserved during the embryonic phylotypic period (a period of maximal similarity between the species within each animal phylum) led to the proposition that embryogenesis diverges more extensively early and late than in the middle, known as the hourglass model. This pattern of conservation is thought to reflect a major constraint on the evolution of animal body plans. Despite a wealth of morphological data confirming that there is often remarkable divergence in the early and late embryos of species from the same phylum, it is not yet known to what extent gene expression evolution, which has a central role in the elaboration of different animal forms, underpins the morphological hourglass pattern. Here we address this question using species-specific microarrays designed from six sequenced Drosophila species separated by up to 40 million years. We quantify divergence at different times during embryogenesis, and show that expression is maximally conserved during the arthropod phylotypic period. By fitting different evolutionary models to each gene, we show that at each time point more than 80% of genes fit best to models incorporating stabilizing selection, and that for genes whose evolutionarily optimal expression level is the same across all species, selective constraint is maximized during the phylotypic period. The genes that conform most to the hourglass pattern are involved in key developmental processes. These results indicate that natural selection acts to conserve patterns of gene expression during mid-embryogenesis, and provide a genome-wide insight into the molecular basis of the hourglass pattern of developmental evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Nature is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1038/nature09634 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 4 StartPage: 811 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Gene expression Type: general – SubjectFull: Embryonic stem cells Type: general – SubjectFull: Embryology Type: general – SubjectFull: Drosophila Type: general – SubjectFull: Animal morphology Type: general – SubjectFull: Molecular biology Type: general – SubjectFull: Biological divergence Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Gene expression divergence recapitulates the developmental hourglass model. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kalinka, Alex T. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Varga, Karolina M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Gerrard, Dave T. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Preibisch, Stephan – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Corcoran, David L. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Jarrells, Julia – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ohler, Uwe – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Bergman, Casey M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Tomancak, Pavel IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 09 M: 12 Text: 12/9/2010 Type: published Y: 2010 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00280836 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 468 – Type: issue Value: 7325 Titles: – TitleFull: Nature Type: main |
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