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Computer versus human-based support: Effect on computer game performances in (in)effectively learning pre-schoolers.

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Title: Computer versus human-based support: Effect on computer game performances in (in)effectively learning pre-schoolers.
Authors: Veenstra, Baukje, van Geert, Paul L. C., van der Meulen, Bieuwe F.
Source: Educational & Child Psychology. 2010, Vol. 27 Issue 4, p56-72. 17p. 5 Charts, 3 Graphs.
Subjects: Computer assisted instruction, Psychology of learning research, Preschool education, Child development -- Social aspects, Dutch people, Psychology
Abstract: This research focuses on the effects of human versus computer instruction on improving the learning behaviour of pre-school children. One-hundred-and-eighty-four unresponsive, impulsive or reflective Dutch pre-schoolers were randomly assigned to one of the four instruction conditions (computer-assisted instruction, adult-assisted instruction, both or no instruction). The children played a computer game focused on improving learning behaviour during two or three sessions. The results show that the preschooler's behaviour during the game corresponds to regular learning behaviour. Impulsive children showed most errors and mouse clicks and unresponsive children showed the least mouse clicks and a warming-up phase. As expected, in the computer-assisted instruction plus adult-assisted instruction condition all learners showed positive learning outcomes. Computer-assisted instruction reveals positive effects on learning outcomes of reflective and unresponsive learners and adult-assisted instruction reveals positive effects on impulsive children. Considering the overall development across the games, impulsive children did not improve their learning behaviour. However, reflective and unresponsive children showed a learning effect. Reflective children showed a clear decrease of trials in the beginning and unresponsive children showed a relatively large increase in mouse clicks after a warming up-phase. However, their number of clicks remained lower than the reflective children. We can conclude that, since learning type is relevant, this game might function as an objective and reliable tool to assess the type of learning behaviour of pre-school children. It is concluded that computer-assisted instruction in combination with adult-assisted instruction is the best manner to regulate learning skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Educational & Child Psychology is the property of British Psychological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Computer versus human-based support: Effect on computer game performances in (in)effectively learning pre-schoolers.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Veenstra%2C+Baukje%22">Veenstra, Baukje</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+Geert%2C+Paul+L%2E+C%2E%22">van Geert, Paul L. C.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+der+Meulen%2C+Bieuwe+F%2E%22">van der Meulen, Bieuwe F.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Educational+%26+Child+Psychology%22">Educational & Child Psychology</searchLink>. 2010, Vol. 27 Issue 4, p56-72. 17p. 5 Charts, 3 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+assisted+instruction%22">Computer assisted instruction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+of+learning+research%22">Psychology of learning research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Preschool+education%22">Preschool education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+development+--+Social+aspects%22">Child development -- Social aspects</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dutch+people%22">Dutch people</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology%22">Psychology</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: This research focuses on the effects of human versus computer instruction on improving the learning behaviour of pre-school children. One-hundred-and-eighty-four unresponsive, impulsive or reflective Dutch pre-schoolers were randomly assigned to one of the four instruction conditions (computer-assisted instruction, adult-assisted instruction, both or no instruction). The children played a computer game focused on improving learning behaviour during two or three sessions. The results show that the preschooler's behaviour during the game corresponds to regular learning behaviour. Impulsive children showed most errors and mouse clicks and unresponsive children showed the least mouse clicks and a warming-up phase. As expected, in the computer-assisted instruction plus adult-assisted instruction condition all learners showed positive learning outcomes. Computer-assisted instruction reveals positive effects on learning outcomes of reflective and unresponsive learners and adult-assisted instruction reveals positive effects on impulsive children. Considering the overall development across the games, impulsive children did not improve their learning behaviour. However, reflective and unresponsive children showed a learning effect. Reflective children showed a clear decrease of trials in the beginning and unresponsive children showed a relatively large increase in mouse clicks after a warming up-phase. However, their number of clicks remained lower than the reflective children. We can conclude that, since learning type is relevant, this game might function as an objective and reliable tool to assess the type of learning behaviour of pre-school children. It is concluded that computer-assisted instruction in combination with adult-assisted instruction is the best manner to regulate learning skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Educational & Child Psychology is the property of British Psychological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.53841/bpsecp.2010.27.4.56
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      – SubjectFull: Preschool education
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      – SubjectFull: Child development -- Social aspects
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              Text: 2010
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