Imprints of fast-rotating massive stars in the Galactic Bulge.
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| Title: | Imprints of fast-rotating massive stars in the Galactic Bulge. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Chiappini, Cristina, Frischknecht, Urs, Meynet, Georges, Hirschi, Raphael, Barbuy, Beatriz, Pignatari, Marco, Decressin, Thibaut, Maeder, André |
| Source: | Nature. 4/28/2011, Vol. 472 Issue 7344, p454-457. 4p. 1 Chart, 2 Graphs. |
| Subjects: | Galactic bulges, Big bang theory, Helium, Stars, Neutrons, Luminosity distance |
| Abstract: | The first stars that formed after the Big Bang were probably massive, and they provided the Universe with the first elements heavier than helium ('metals'), which were incorporated into low-mass stars that have survived to the present. Eight stars in the oldest globular cluster in the Galaxy, NGC 6522, were found to have surface abundances consistent with the gas from which they formed being enriched by massive stars (that is, with higher α-element/Fe and Eu/Fe ratios than those of the Sun). However, the same stars have anomalously high abundances of Ba and La with respect to Fe, which usually arises through nucleosynthesis in low-mass stars (via the slow-neutron-capture process, or s-process). Recent theory suggests that metal-poor fast-rotating massive stars are able to boost the s-process yields by up to four orders of magnitude, which might provide a solution to this contradiction. Here we report a reanalysis of the earlier spectra, which reveals that Y and Sr are also overabundant with respect to Fe, showing a large scatter similar to that observed in extremely metal-poor stars, whereas C abundances are not enhanced. This pattern is best explained as originating in metal-poor fast-rotating massive stars, which might point to a common property of the first stellar generations and even of the 'first stars'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Nature is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 60243899 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Imprints of fast-rotating massive stars in the Galactic Bulge. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chiappini%2C+Cristina%22">Chiappini, Cristina</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Frischknecht%2C+Urs%22">Frischknecht, Urs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Meynet%2C+Georges%22">Meynet, Georges</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hirschi%2C+Raphael%22">Hirschi, Raphael</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barbuy%2C+Beatriz%22">Barbuy, Beatriz</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pignatari%2C+Marco%22">Pignatari, Marco</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Decressin%2C+Thibaut%22">Decressin, Thibaut</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maeder%2C+André%22">Maeder, André</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nature%22">Nature</searchLink>. 4/28/2011, Vol. 472 Issue 7344, p454-457. 4p. 1 Chart, 2 Graphs. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Galactic+bulges%22">Galactic bulges</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Big+bang+theory%22">Big bang theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Helium%22">Helium</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stars%22">Stars</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neutrons%22">Neutrons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Luminosity+distance%22">Luminosity distance</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: The first stars that formed after the Big Bang were probably massive, and they provided the Universe with the first elements heavier than helium ('metals'), which were incorporated into low-mass stars that have survived to the present. Eight stars in the oldest globular cluster in the Galaxy, NGC 6522, were found to have surface abundances consistent with the gas from which they formed being enriched by massive stars (that is, with higher α-element/Fe and Eu/Fe ratios than those of the Sun). However, the same stars have anomalously high abundances of Ba and La with respect to Fe, which usually arises through nucleosynthesis in low-mass stars (via the slow-neutron-capture process, or s-process). Recent theory suggests that metal-poor fast-rotating massive stars are able to boost the s-process yields by up to four orders of magnitude, which might provide a solution to this contradiction. Here we report a reanalysis of the earlier spectra, which reveals that Y and Sr are also overabundant with respect to Fe, showing a large scatter similar to that observed in extremely metal-poor stars, whereas C abundances are not enhanced. This pattern is best explained as originating in metal-poor fast-rotating massive stars, which might point to a common property of the first stellar generations and even of the 'first stars'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Nature is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1038/nature10000 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 4 StartPage: 454 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Galactic bulges Type: general – SubjectFull: Big bang theory Type: general – SubjectFull: Helium Type: general – SubjectFull: Stars Type: general – SubjectFull: Neutrons Type: general – SubjectFull: Luminosity distance Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Imprints of fast-rotating massive stars in the Galactic Bulge. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Chiappini, Cristina – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Frischknecht, Urs – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Meynet, Georges – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hirschi, Raphael – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Barbuy, Beatriz – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Pignatari, Marco – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Decressin, Thibaut – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Maeder, André IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 28 M: 04 Text: 4/28/2011 Type: published Y: 2011 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00280836 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 472 – Type: issue Value: 7344 Titles: – TitleFull: Nature Type: main |
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