Clinical measurement of walking balance in people post stroke: a systematic review.

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Title: Clinical measurement of walking balance in people post stroke: a systematic review.
Authors: Pollock, CL, Eng, JJ, Garland, SJ
Source: Clinical Rehabilitation. Aug2011, Vol. 25 Issue 8, p693-708. 16p. 4 Charts.
Subjects: Diagnosis of neurological disorders, Gait disorders, Cerebrovascular disease, Postural balance, Medical information storage & retrieval systems, MEDLINE, Health outcome assessment, Research funding, Walking, Systematic reviews, Multitrait multimethod techniques, Diagnosis
Abstract: Objective: To identify walking balance measures which have been established for use with ambulatory people post stroke and reflect the balance requirements of community walking.Data sources: MEDLINE, Embase, AMED.Review methods: Measures reflecting walking balance, with tasks that include a stepping action in standing, used with people post stroke were reviewed. Measures with clinical utility were evaluated for psychometric properties, including reliability, validity and clinical interpretation.Results: Nine measures (24 papers) were identified that met the requirement of measuring walking balance in people post stroke with demonstrated clinical utility. Outcome measures with multiple tasks (Brunel Balance Assessment, Modified Emory Functional Ambulation Profile, Dynamic Gait Index, Community Balance and Mobility Scale, and mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test) as opposed to single task measures (Step Test, Side Step Test and Four Square Step Test, Timed Up and Go), reflect a broader range of walking balance required to accommodate the variable challenges which may be expected at the community level of walking. Most tools report excellent reliability when used by physiotherapists. Validity remains far more challenging to establish. Evaluation of clinical interpretation is limited for all measures.Conclusion: The multiple-task outcome measures reviewed reflected walking balance activities often undertaken during community mobility. Single-task measures may be useful as screening measures, identifying walking balance deficits associated with basic/lower levels of walking balance. Construct validity and clinical interpretability of each measure in ambulatory people post stroke requires further research to identify the level of community mobility represented by each measure of walking balance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Copyright of Clinical Rehabilitation is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Clinical measurement of walking balance in people post stroke: a systematic review.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pollock%2C+CL%22">Pollock, CL</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eng%2C+JJ%22">Eng, JJ</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Garland%2C+SJ%22">Garland, SJ</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diagnosis+of+neurological+disorders%22">Diagnosis of neurological disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gait+disorders%22">Gait disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cerebrovascular+disease%22">Cerebrovascular disease</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Postural+balance%22">Postural balance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+information+storage+%26+retrieval+systems%22">Medical information storage & retrieval systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MEDLINE%22">MEDLINE</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+outcome+assessment%22">Health outcome assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Walking%22">Walking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Systematic+reviews%22">Systematic reviews</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multitrait+multimethod+techniques%22">Multitrait multimethod techniques</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diagnosis%22">Diagnosis</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Objective: To identify walking balance measures which have been established for use with ambulatory people post stroke and reflect the balance requirements of community walking.Data sources: MEDLINE, Embase, AMED.Review methods: Measures reflecting walking balance, with tasks that include a stepping action in standing, used with people post stroke were reviewed. Measures with clinical utility were evaluated for psychometric properties, including reliability, validity and clinical interpretation.Results: Nine measures (24 papers) were identified that met the requirement of measuring walking balance in people post stroke with demonstrated clinical utility. Outcome measures with multiple tasks (Brunel Balance Assessment, Modified Emory Functional Ambulation Profile, Dynamic Gait Index, Community Balance and Mobility Scale, and mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test) as opposed to single task measures (Step Test, Side Step Test and Four Square Step Test, Timed Up and Go), reflect a broader range of walking balance required to accommodate the variable challenges which may be expected at the community level of walking. Most tools report excellent reliability when used by physiotherapists. Validity remains far more challenging to establish. Evaluation of clinical interpretation is limited for all measures.Conclusion: The multiple-task outcome measures reviewed reflected walking balance activities often undertaken during community mobility. Single-task measures may be useful as screening measures, identifying walking balance deficits associated with basic/lower levels of walking balance. Construct validity and clinical interpretability of each measure in ambulatory people post stroke requires further research to identify the level of community mobility represented by each measure of walking balance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Clinical Rehabilitation is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1177/0269215510397394
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Diagnosis of neurological disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gait disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cerebrovascular disease
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      – SubjectFull: Postural balance
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      – SubjectFull: Medical information storage & retrieval systems
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      – SubjectFull: MEDLINE
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      – SubjectFull: Health outcome assessment
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Walking
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Systematic reviews
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multitrait multimethod techniques
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Diagnosis
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Clinical measurement of walking balance in people post stroke: a systematic review.
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            NameFull: Pollock, CL
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            NameFull: Eng, JJ
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            NameFull: Garland, SJ
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              Text: Aug2011
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              Y: 2011
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