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Striatal dopamine synthesis capacity in twins discordant for schizophrenia.

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Title: Striatal dopamine synthesis capacity in twins discordant for schizophrenia.
Authors: Shotbolt, P., Stokes, P. R., Owens, S. F., Toulopoulou, T., Picchioni, M. M., Bose, S. K., Murray, R. M., Howes, O. D.
Source: Psychological Medicine. Nov2011, Vol. 41 Issue 11, p2331-2338. 8p.
Subjects: Analysis of variance, Chi-squared test, Dopamine, Schizophrenia, Statistics, Positron emission tomography, Twins, Effect sizes (Statistics), Inter-observer reliability, Case-control method, Data analysis software
Abstract: BackgroundElevated striatal dopamine synthesis capacity is thought to be fundamental to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and has also been reported in people at risk of psychosis. It is therefore unclear if striatal hyperdopaminergia is a vulnerability marker for schizophrenia, or a state feature related to the psychosis itself. Relatives of patients with schizophrenia are themselves at increased risk of developing the condition. In this study we examined striatal dopamine synthesis capacity in both members of twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia.MethodIn vivo striatal dopamine synthesis capacity was examined using fluorine-18-l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (18F-DOPA) positron emission tomography (PET) scans in seven twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia and in a control sample of 10 healthy control twin pairs.ResultsStriatal 18F-DOPA uptake was not elevated in the unaffected co-twins of patients with schizophrenia (p=0.65) or indeed in the twins with schizophrenia (p=0.89) compared to the control group. Levels of psychotic symptoms were low in the patients with schizophrenia who were in general stable [mean (s.d.) Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total=56.8 (25.5)] whereas the unaffected co-twins were largely asymptomatic.ConclusionsStriatal dopamine synthesis capacity is not elevated in symptom-free individuals at genetic risk of schizophrenia, or in well-treated stable patients with chronic schizophrenia. These findings suggest that striatal hyperdopaminergia is not a vulnerability marker for schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Striatal dopamine synthesis capacity in twins discordant for schizophrenia.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shotbolt%2C+P%2E%22">Shotbolt, P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stokes%2C+P%2E+R%2E%22">Stokes, P. R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Owens%2C+S%2E+F%2E%22">Owens, S. F.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Toulopoulou%2C+T%2E%22">Toulopoulou, T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Picchioni%2C+M%2E+M%2E%22">Picchioni, M. M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bose%2C+S%2E+K%2E%22">Bose, S. K.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Murray%2C+R%2E+M%2E%22">Murray, R. M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Howes%2C+O%2E+D%2E%22">Howes, O. D.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychological+Medicine%22">Psychological Medicine</searchLink>. Nov2011, Vol. 41 Issue 11, p2331-2338. 8p.
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  Data: BackgroundElevated striatal dopamine synthesis capacity is thought to be fundamental to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and has also been reported in people at risk of psychosis. It is therefore unclear if striatal hyperdopaminergia is a vulnerability marker for schizophrenia, or a state feature related to the psychosis itself. Relatives of patients with schizophrenia are themselves at increased risk of developing the condition. In this study we examined striatal dopamine synthesis capacity in both members of twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia.MethodIn vivo striatal dopamine synthesis capacity was examined using fluorine-18-l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (18F-DOPA) positron emission tomography (PET) scans in seven twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia and in a control sample of 10 healthy control twin pairs.ResultsStriatal 18F-DOPA uptake was not elevated in the unaffected co-twins of patients with schizophrenia (p=0.65) or indeed in the twins with schizophrenia (p=0.89) compared to the control group. Levels of psychotic symptoms were low in the patients with schizophrenia who were in general stable [mean (s.d.) Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total=56.8 (25.5)] whereas the unaffected co-twins were largely asymptomatic.ConclusionsStriatal dopamine synthesis capacity is not elevated in symptom-free individuals at genetic risk of schizophrenia, or in well-treated stable patients with chronic schizophrenia. These findings suggest that striatal hyperdopaminergia is not a vulnerability marker for schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1017/S0033291711000341
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              Text: Nov2011
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