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Pupillary responses and event-related potentials as indices of the orienting reflex.

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Title: Pupillary responses and event-related potentials as indices of the orienting reflex.
Authors: Steiner, Genevieve Z. (AUTHOR), Barry, Robert J. (AUTHOR)
Source: Psychophysiology. Dec2011, Vol. 48 Issue 12, p1648-1655. 8p. 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs.
Subjects: Orienting reflex, Pupil (Eye), Galvanic skin response, Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology), Habituation (Neuropsychology)
Abstract: This study examined skin conductance responses, the late positive complex of the event-related potential, and pupillary dilation responses as autonomic and central correlates of the orienting reflex (OR) in the context of indifferent and significant stimuli. In particular, we aimed to clarify the inconsistencies surrounding the pupillary dilation response as an OR index. An auditory dishabituation paradigm was employed, and physiological measures were recorded from 24 participants. Response decrement to a repeated stimulus, response recovery to a change stimulus, and subsequent dishabituation were assessed. Findings confirmed expectations that the skin conductance response and the late positive complex are indices of the OR. The pupillary dilation response, however, demonstrated an unexpected sensitivity to stimulus novelty only, while the prestimulus measure of tonic pupil diameter showed the significance effect that was expected of the phasic measure. Together, these findings argue against the suggestion that the pupillary dilation response is an OR index. The diverse results obtained from this experiment contribute to our understanding of the OR, and provide impetus for further research with a variety of paradigm manipulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychophysiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Pupillary responses and event-related potentials as indices of the orienting reflex.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Steiner%2C+Genevieve+Z%2E%22">Steiner, Genevieve Z.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barry%2C+Robert+J%2E%22">Barry, Robert J.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychophysiology%22">Psychophysiology</searchLink>. Dec2011, Vol. 48 Issue 12, p1648-1655. 8p. 1 Diagram, 6 Graphs.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Orienting+reflex%22">Orienting reflex</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pupil+%28Eye%29%22">Pupil (Eye)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Galvanic+skin+response%22">Galvanic skin response</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evoked+potentials+%28Electrophysiology%29%22">Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Habituation+%28Neuropsychology%29%22">Habituation (Neuropsychology)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study examined skin conductance responses, the late positive complex of the event-related potential, and pupillary dilation responses as autonomic and central correlates of the orienting reflex (OR) in the context of indifferent and significant stimuli. In particular, we aimed to clarify the inconsistencies surrounding the pupillary dilation response as an OR index. An auditory dishabituation paradigm was employed, and physiological measures were recorded from 24 participants. Response decrement to a repeated stimulus, response recovery to a change stimulus, and subsequent dishabituation were assessed. Findings confirmed expectations that the skin conductance response and the late positive complex are indices of the OR. The pupillary dilation response, however, demonstrated an unexpected sensitivity to stimulus novelty only, while the prestimulus measure of tonic pupil diameter showed the significance effect that was expected of the phasic measure. Together, these findings argue against the suggestion that the pupillary dilation response is an OR index. The diverse results obtained from this experiment contribute to our understanding of the OR, and provide impetus for further research with a variety of paradigm manipulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychophysiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2011.01271.x
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 1648
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Orienting reflex
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pupil (Eye)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Galvanic skin response
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology)
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      – SubjectFull: Habituation (Neuropsychology)
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              Text: Dec2011
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              Y: 2011
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