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Brain extracellular glucose assessed by voltammetry throughout the rat sleep–wake cycle.

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Title: Brain extracellular glucose assessed by voltammetry throughout the rat sleep–wake cycle.
Authors: Netchiporouk, L. (AUTHOR), Shram, N. (AUTHOR), Salvert, D. (AUTHOR), Cespuglio, R. (AUTHOR)
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience. Apr2001, Vol. 13 Issue 7, p1429-1434. 6p.
Subjects: Glucose, Sleep-wake cycle, Voltammetry, Brain
Abstract: Abstract In the present study, cortical extracellular levels of glucose were monitored for the first time throughout the sleep–wake states of the freely moving rat. For this purpose, polygraphic recordings (electroencephalogram of the fronto-occipital cortices and electromyogram of the neck muscles) were achieved in combination with differential normal pulse voltammetry (DNPV) using a specific glucose sensor. Data obtained reveal that the basal extracellular glucose concentration in the conscious rat is 0.59 ± 0.3 m m while under chloral hydrate anaesthesia (0.4 g/kg, i.p.) it increases up to 180% of its basal concentration. Regarding the sleep–wake cycle, the existence of spontaneous significant variations in the mean glucose level during slow-wave sleep (SWS = +13%) and paradoxical sleep (PS = -11%) compared with the waking state (100%) is also reported. It is to be noticed that during long periods of active waking, glucose level tends towards a decrease that becomes significant after 15 min (active waking = -32%). On the contrary, during long episodes of slow-wave sleep, it tends towards an increase which becomes significant after 12 min (SWS = +28%). It is suggested that voltammetric techniques using enzymatic biosensors are useful tools allowing direct glucose measurements in the freely moving animal. On the whole, paradoxical sleep is pointed out as a state highly dependent on the availability of energy and slow-wave sleep as a period of energy saving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Brain extracellular glucose assessed by voltammetry throughout the rat sleep–wake cycle.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Netchiporouk%2C+L%2E%22">Netchiporouk, L.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shram%2C+N%2E%22">Shram, N.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Salvert%2C+D%2E%22">Salvert, D.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cespuglio%2C+R%2E%22">Cespuglio, R.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Journal+of+Neuroscience%22">European Journal of Neuroscience</searchLink>. Apr2001, Vol. 13 Issue 7, p1429-1434. 6p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glucose%22">Glucose</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sleep-wake+cycle%22">Sleep-wake cycle</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Voltammetry%22">Voltammetry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain%22">Brain</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Abstract In the present study, cortical extracellular levels of glucose were monitored for the first time throughout the sleep–wake states of the freely moving rat. For this purpose, polygraphic recordings (electroencephalogram of the fronto-occipital cortices and electromyogram of the neck muscles) were achieved in combination with differential normal pulse voltammetry (DNPV) using a specific glucose sensor. Data obtained reveal that the basal extracellular glucose concentration in the conscious rat is 0.59 ± 0.3 m m while under chloral hydrate anaesthesia (0.4 g/kg, i.p.) it increases up to 180% of its basal concentration. Regarding the sleep–wake cycle, the existence of spontaneous significant variations in the mean glucose level during slow-wave sleep (SWS = +13%) and paradoxical sleep (PS = -11%) compared with the waking state (100%) is also reported. It is to be noticed that during long periods of active waking, glucose level tends towards a decrease that becomes significant after 15 min (active waking = -32%). On the contrary, during long episodes of slow-wave sleep, it tends towards an increase which becomes significant after 12 min (SWS = +28%). It is suggested that voltammetric techniques using enzymatic biosensors are useful tools allowing direct glucose measurements in the freely moving animal. On the whole, paradoxical sleep is pointed out as a state highly dependent on the availability of energy and slow-wave sleep as a period of energy saving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=6939492
RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1046/j.0953-816X.2001.01503.x
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 6
        StartPage: 1429
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      – SubjectFull: Glucose
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sleep-wake cycle
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Voltammetry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Brain
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Brain extracellular glucose assessed by voltammetry throughout the rat sleep–wake cycle.
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            NameFull: Shram, N.
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            NameFull: Salvert, D.
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            NameFull: Cespuglio, R.
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2001
              Type: published
              Y: 2001
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              Value: 13
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              Value: 7
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: European Journal of Neuroscience
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