Inhalation of 7.5% carbon dioxide increases alerting and orienting attention network function.
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| Title: | Inhalation of 7.5% carbon dioxide increases alerting and orienting attention network function. |
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| Authors: | Garner, Matthew, Attwood, Angela, Baldwin, David, Munafò, Marcus |
| Source: | Psychopharmacology. Sep2012, Vol. 223 Issue 1, p67-73. 7p. 1 Chart, 3 Graphs. |
| Subjects: | Physiological effects of carbon dioxide, Anxiety, Cognition, Selectivity (Psychology), Noradrenaline, Blood pressure measurement, Animal models in research |
| Abstract: | Rationale: The development of experimental models that readily translate between animals and humans is required to better integrate and clarify the biological, behavioural and cognitive mechanisms that underlie normal fear and pathological anxiety. Inhalation of low concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO) increases anxiety and autonomic arousal in humans, triggers related behaviours in small animals, and increases selective attention to threat in healthy humans. However the effects on broader cognitive (non-emotional) processes that characterize anxiety are not known. Objectives: To examine the effect of 7.5 % CO inhalation (vs. air) on the efficiency of discrete attention networks implicated in anxiety: alerting (maintaining an alert state), orienting (the selection of information from sensory input) and executive control (resolving cognitive conflict). Methods: Twenty-three healthy human participants completed a computerized Attention Network Test (ANT) during inhalation of 7.5 % CO enriched and normal/medical air. Gas was administered blind to participants with inhalation order counterbalanced across participants. Measures of heart rate, blood pressure and subjective mood/anxiety were obtained at baseline and following each inhalation period. Results: CO inhalation increased anxiety, autonomic arousal and the efficiency of alerting and orienting attention network function. Autonomic response to CO correlated with increased orienting; and CO-induced anxiety, autonomic arousal and orienting network function increased with chronic (trait) anxiety. Conclusions: Evidence that CO modulates attention mechanisms involved in the temporal detection and spatial location of salient stimuli converges with evidence that CO triggers fear behaviour in animals via direct innervation of a distributed neural network that facilitates environmental hypervigilance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Psychopharmacology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 78437095 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Inhalation of 7.5% carbon dioxide increases alerting and orienting attention network function. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Garner%2C+Matthew%22">Garner, Matthew</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Attwood%2C+Angela%22">Attwood, Angela</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Baldwin%2C+David%22">Baldwin, David</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Munafò%2C+Marcus%22">Munafò, Marcus</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychopharmacology%22">Psychopharmacology</searchLink>. Sep2012, Vol. 223 Issue 1, p67-73. 7p. 1 Chart, 3 Graphs. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physiological+effects+of+carbon+dioxide%22">Physiological effects of carbon dioxide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anxiety%22">Anxiety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition%22">Cognition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Selectivity+%28Psychology%29%22">Selectivity (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Noradrenaline%22">Noradrenaline</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Blood+pressure+measurement%22">Blood pressure measurement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Animal+models+in+research%22">Animal models in research</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Rationale: The development of experimental models that readily translate between animals and humans is required to better integrate and clarify the biological, behavioural and cognitive mechanisms that underlie normal fear and pathological anxiety. Inhalation of low concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO) increases anxiety and autonomic arousal in humans, triggers related behaviours in small animals, and increases selective attention to threat in healthy humans. However the effects on broader cognitive (non-emotional) processes that characterize anxiety are not known. Objectives: To examine the effect of 7.5 % CO inhalation (vs. air) on the efficiency of discrete attention networks implicated in anxiety: alerting (maintaining an alert state), orienting (the selection of information from sensory input) and executive control (resolving cognitive conflict). Methods: Twenty-three healthy human participants completed a computerized Attention Network Test (ANT) during inhalation of 7.5 % CO enriched and normal/medical air. Gas was administered blind to participants with inhalation order counterbalanced across participants. Measures of heart rate, blood pressure and subjective mood/anxiety were obtained at baseline and following each inhalation period. Results: CO inhalation increased anxiety, autonomic arousal and the efficiency of alerting and orienting attention network function. Autonomic response to CO correlated with increased orienting; and CO-induced anxiety, autonomic arousal and orienting network function increased with chronic (trait) anxiety. Conclusions: Evidence that CO modulates attention mechanisms involved in the temporal detection and spatial location of salient stimuli converges with evidence that CO triggers fear behaviour in animals via direct innervation of a distributed neural network that facilitates environmental hypervigilance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Psychopharmacology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s00213-012-2690-4 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 7 StartPage: 67 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Physiological effects of carbon dioxide Type: general – SubjectFull: Anxiety Type: general – SubjectFull: Cognition Type: general – SubjectFull: Selectivity (Psychology) Type: general – SubjectFull: Noradrenaline Type: general – SubjectFull: Blood pressure measurement Type: general – SubjectFull: Animal models in research Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Inhalation of 7.5% carbon dioxide increases alerting and orienting attention network function. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Garner, Matthew – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Attwood, Angela – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Baldwin, David – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Munafò, Marcus IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 09 Text: Sep2012 Type: published Y: 2012 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00333158 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 223 – Type: issue Value: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: Psychopharmacology Type: main |
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