The Limits of Feedforward Vision: Recurrent Processing Promotes Robust Object Recognition when Objects Are Degraded.
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| Title: | The Limits of Feedforward Vision: Recurrent Processing Promotes Robust Object Recognition when Objects Are Degraded. |
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| Authors: | Wyatte, Dean, Curran, Tim, O'Reilly, Randall |
| Source: | Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. Nov2012, Vol. 24 Issue 11, p2248-2261. 14p. 1 Black and White Photograph, 4 Graphs. |
| Subjects: | Brain physiology, Recognition (Psychology), Masking (Psychology), Visual learning, Simulation methods & models, Vision, Feedforward control systems |
| Abstract: | Everyday vision requires robustness to a myriad of environmental factors that degrade stimuli. Foreground clutter can occlude objects of interest, and complex lighting and shadows can decrease the contrast of items. How does the brain recognize visual objects despite these low-quality inputs? On the basis of predictions from a model of object recognition that contains excitatory feedback, we hypothesized that recurrent processing would promote robust recognition when objects were degraded by strengthening bottom-up signals that were weakened because of occlusion and contrast reduction. To test this hypothesis, we used backward masking to interrupt the processing of partially occluded and contrast reduced images during a categorization experiment. As predicted by the model, we found significant interactions between the mask and occlusion and the mask and contrast, such that the recognition of heavily degraded stimuli was differentially impaired by masking. The model provided a close fit of these results in an isomorphic version of the experiment with identical stimuli. The model also provided an intuitive explanation of the interactions between the mask and degradations, indicating that masking interfered specifically with the extensive recurrent processing necessary to amplify and resolve highly degraded inputs, whereas less degraded inputs did not require much amplification and could be rapidly resolved, making them less susceptible to masking. Together, the results of the experiment and the accompanying model simulations illustrate the limits of feedforward vision and suggest that object recognition is better characterized as a highly interactive, dynamic process that depends on the coordination of multiple brain areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 82156268 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: The Limits of Feedforward Vision: Recurrent Processing Promotes Robust Object Recognition when Objects Are Degraded. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wyatte%2C+Dean%22">Wyatte, Dean</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Curran%2C+Tim%22">Curran, Tim</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22O'Reilly%2C+Randall%22">O'Reilly, Randall</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Cognitive+Neuroscience%22">Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience</searchLink>. Nov2012, Vol. 24 Issue 11, p2248-2261. 14p. 1 Black and White Photograph, 4 Graphs. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+physiology%22">Brain physiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Recognition+%28Psychology%29%22">Recognition (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Masking+%28Psychology%29%22">Masking (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Visual+learning%22">Visual learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Simulation+methods+%26+models%22">Simulation methods & models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vision%22">Vision</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Feedforward+control+systems%22">Feedforward control systems</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Everyday vision requires robustness to a myriad of environmental factors that degrade stimuli. Foreground clutter can occlude objects of interest, and complex lighting and shadows can decrease the contrast of items. How does the brain recognize visual objects despite these low-quality inputs? On the basis of predictions from a model of object recognition that contains excitatory feedback, we hypothesized that recurrent processing would promote robust recognition when objects were degraded by strengthening bottom-up signals that were weakened because of occlusion and contrast reduction. To test this hypothesis, we used backward masking to interrupt the processing of partially occluded and contrast reduced images during a categorization experiment. As predicted by the model, we found significant interactions between the mask and occlusion and the mask and contrast, such that the recognition of heavily degraded stimuli was differentially impaired by masking. The model provided a close fit of these results in an isomorphic version of the experiment with identical stimuli. The model also provided an intuitive explanation of the interactions between the mask and degradations, indicating that masking interfered specifically with the extensive recurrent processing necessary to amplify and resolve highly degraded inputs, whereas less degraded inputs did not require much amplification and could be rapidly resolved, making them less susceptible to masking. Together, the results of the experiment and the accompanying model simulations illustrate the limits of feedforward vision and suggest that object recognition is better characterized as a highly interactive, dynamic process that depends on the coordination of multiple brain areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1162/jocn_a_00282 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 14 StartPage: 2248 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Brain physiology Type: general – SubjectFull: Recognition (Psychology) Type: general – SubjectFull: Masking (Psychology) Type: general – SubjectFull: Visual learning Type: general – SubjectFull: Simulation methods & models Type: general – SubjectFull: Vision Type: general – SubjectFull: Feedforward control systems Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: The Limits of Feedforward Vision: Recurrent Processing Promotes Robust Object Recognition when Objects Are Degraded. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Wyatte, Dean – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Curran, Tim – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: O'Reilly, Randall IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 11 Text: Nov2012 Type: published Y: 2012 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 0898929X Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 24 – Type: issue Value: 11 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience Type: main |
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