Bibliographic Details
| Title: |
Brain activation during fear conditioning in humans depends on genetic variations related to functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: first evidence from two independent subsamples. |
| Authors: |
Ridder, S., Treutlein, J., Nees, F., Lang, S., Diener, S., Wessa, M., Kroll, A., Pohlack, S., Cacciaglia, R., Gass, P., Schütz, G., Schumann, G., Flor, H. |
| Source: |
Psychological Medicine. Nov2012, Vol. 42 Issue 11, p2325-2335. 11p. |
| Subjects: |
Adrenal gland physiology, Hypothalamus physiology, Pituitary gland physiology, DNA analysis, Anxiety, Conditioned response, Fear, Genetics, Longitudinal method, Questionnaires, Research funding, Scales (Weighing instruments), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Statistical models, Descriptive statistics |
| Abstract: |
Background. Enhanced acquisition and delayed extinction of fear conditioning are viewed as major determinants of anxiety disorders, which are often characterized by a dysfunctional hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Method. In this study we employed cued fear conditioning in two independent samples of healthy subjects (sample 1: n = 60, sample 2: n = 52). Two graphical shapes served as conditioned stimuli and painful electrical stimulation as the unconditioned stimulus. In addition, guided by findings from published animal studies on HPA axis-related genes in fear conditioning, we examined variants of the glucocorticoid receptor and corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 genes. Results. Variation in these genes showed enhanced amygdala activation during the acquisition and reduced prefrontal activation during the extinction of fear as well as altered amygdala-prefrontal connectivity. Conclusions. This is the first demonstration of the involvement of genes related to the HPA axis in human fear conditioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: |
Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
