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A Clock Directly Linking Time, to a Particle's Mass.

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Title: A Clock Directly Linking Time, to a Particle's Mass.
Authors: Shau-Yu Lan, Pei-Chen Kuan, Estey, Brian, English, Damon, Brown, Justin M., Hohensee, Michael A., Müller, Holger
Source: Science (pre-March 2025). 2/1/2013, Vol. 339 Issue 6119, p554-557. 4p.
Subjects: Time measurements, Particles, Mass measurement, Atomic clocks, Relativity (Physics), Atom interferometers, Avogadro's law, Wave packets, Optical frequency conversion, Quantum theory
Abstract: Historically, time measurements have been based on oscillation frequencies in systems of particles, from the motion of celestial bodies to atomic transitions. Relativity and quantum mechanics show that even a single particle of mass m determines a Campton frequency ω0 = mc²/ħ, where c is the speed of light and ħ is Planck's constant h divided by 2π. A clock referenced to ω0 would enable high-precision mass measurements and a fundamental definition of the second. We demonstrate such a clock using an optical frequency comb to self-reference a Ramsey-Bordé atom interferometer and synchronize an oscillator at a subharmonic of ω0. This directly demonstrates the connection between time and mass. It allows measurement of microscopic masses with 4 x 10-9 accuracy in the proposed revision to SI units. Together with the Avogadro project, it yields calibrated kilograms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Science (pre-March 2025) is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: A Clock Directly Linking Time, to a Particle's Mass.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shau-Yu+Lan%22">Shau-Yu Lan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pei-Chen+Kuan%22">Pei-Chen Kuan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Estey%2C+Brian%22">Estey, Brian</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22English%2C+Damon%22">English, Damon</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brown%2C+Justin+M%2E%22">Brown, Justin M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hohensee%2C+Michael+A%2E%22">Hohensee, Michael A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Müller%2C+Holger%22">Müller, Holger</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Science+%28pre-March+2025%29%22">Science (pre-March 2025)</searchLink>. 2/1/2013, Vol. 339 Issue 6119, p554-557. 4p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Time+measurements%22">Time measurements</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Particles%22">Particles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mass+measurement%22">Mass measurement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atomic+clocks%22">Atomic clocks</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Relativity+%28Physics%29%22">Relativity (Physics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atom+interferometers%22">Atom interferometers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Avogadro's+law%22">Avogadro's law</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wave+packets%22">Wave packets</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+frequency+conversion%22">Optical frequency conversion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+theory%22">Quantum theory</searchLink>
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  Data: Historically, time measurements have been based on oscillation frequencies in systems of particles, from the motion of celestial bodies to atomic transitions. Relativity and quantum mechanics show that even a single particle of mass m determines a Campton frequency ω0 = mc²/ħ, where c is the speed of light and ħ is Planck's constant h divided by 2π. A clock referenced to ω0 would enable high-precision mass measurements and a fundamental definition of the second. We demonstrate such a clock using an optical frequency comb to self-reference a Ramsey-Bordé atom interferometer and synchronize an oscillator at a subharmonic of ω0. This directly demonstrates the connection between time and mass. It allows measurement of microscopic masses with 4 x 10-9 accuracy in the proposed revision to SI units. Together with the Avogadro project, it yields calibrated kilograms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Science (pre-March 2025) is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=85478805
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        Value: 10.1126/science.1230767
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Time measurements
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Particles
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      – SubjectFull: Mass measurement
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      – SubjectFull: Atomic clocks
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      – SubjectFull: Relativity (Physics)
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      – SubjectFull: Atom interferometers
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      – SubjectFull: Avogadro's law
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      – SubjectFull: Wave packets
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      – SubjectFull: Optical frequency conversion
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      – SubjectFull: Quantum theory
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      – TitleFull: A Clock Directly Linking Time, to a Particle's Mass.
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              Text: 2/1/2013
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              Y: 2013
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