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Social judgment of aggressive language: Effects of target and sender sex on the evaluation of slurs.

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Title: Social judgment of aggressive language: Effects of target and sender sex on the evaluation of slurs.
Authors: Bendixen, Mons, Gabriel, Ute
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. Jun2013, Vol. 54 Issue 3, p236-242. 7p. 2 Graphs.
Subjects: Aggression (Psychology), Invective, Judgment (Psychology), Language & languages, Questionnaires, Sex distribution, Social skills, T-test (Statistics), Data analysis software, Statistical models, Descriptive statistics
Geographic Terms: Norway
Abstract: We investigated the influence of the sex of the target and the sex of the sender on the judgment of slurs (verbal derogation). From previous research, we selected and clustered slurs into seven categories and respondents rated their degree of perceived insult in two consecutive questionnaire surveys (N = 281 and N = 224, respectively). Results confirm that slurs are generally judged as being more insulting when directed towards females than towards males. In comparison, differences in sex of sender were small. When directed towards females, slurs referring to 'being loose' were rated as the most insulting. For both target sexes, remarks referring to homosexuality and physical unattractiveness were among those rated as the most insulting. Least insulting were slurs referring to unethical acts, lack of intelligence and cowardliness. A sex of respondent effect was found, suggesting that women rated slurs generally more insulting than men. The pattern of results showed considerable stability across surveys attesting for the reliability of the method for measuring the social evaluation of slurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Scandinavian Journal of Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Social judgment of aggressive language: Effects of target and sender sex on the evaluation of slurs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Scandinavian+Journal+of+Psychology%22">Scandinavian Journal of Psychology</searchLink>. Jun2013, Vol. 54 Issue 3, p236-242. 7p. 2 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aggression+%28Psychology%29%22">Aggression (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Invective%22">Invective</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Judgment+%28Psychology%29%22">Judgment (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+%26+languages%22">Language & languages</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sex+distribution%22">Sex distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+skills%22">Social skills</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22T-test+%28Statistics%29%22">T-test (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+models%22">Statistical models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink>
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  Data: We investigated the influence of the sex of the target and the sex of the sender on the judgment of slurs (verbal derogation). From previous research, we selected and clustered slurs into seven categories and respondents rated their degree of perceived insult in two consecutive questionnaire surveys (N = 281 and N = 224, respectively). Results confirm that slurs are generally judged as being more insulting when directed towards females than towards males. In comparison, differences in sex of sender were small. When directed towards females, slurs referring to 'being loose' were rated as the most insulting. For both target sexes, remarks referring to homosexuality and physical unattractiveness were among those rated as the most insulting. Least insulting were slurs referring to unethical acts, lack of intelligence and cowardliness. A sex of respondent effect was found, suggesting that women rated slurs generally more insulting than men. The pattern of results showed considerable stability across surveys attesting for the reliability of the method for measuring the social evaluation of slurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Scandinavian Journal of Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/sjop.12039
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 7
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      – SubjectFull: Aggression (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Invective
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Judgment (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Language & languages
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      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
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      – SubjectFull: Sex distribution
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      – SubjectFull: Social skills
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: T-test (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
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      – SubjectFull: Statistical models
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Norway
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Social judgment of aggressive language: Effects of target and sender sex on the evaluation of slurs.
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            NameFull: Bendixen, Mons
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            NameFull: Gabriel, Ute
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              M: 06
              Text: Jun2013
              Type: published
              Y: 2013
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