Cellular mechanisms of brain state-dependent gain modulation in visual cortex.
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| Title: | Cellular mechanisms of brain state-dependent gain modulation in visual cortex. |
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| Authors: | Polack, Pierre-Olivier, Friedman, Jonathan, Golshani, Peyman |
| Source: | Nature Neuroscience. Sep2013, Vol. 16 Issue 9, p1331-1339. 9p. 8 Graphs. |
| Subjects: | Neural physiology, Locomotion, Motor neurons, Somatostatin, Membrane potential, Signal-to-noise ratio |
| Abstract: | Visual cortical neurons fire at higher rates to visual stimuli during locomotion than during immobility, while maintaining orientation selectivity. The mechanisms underlying this change in gain are not understood. We performed whole-cell recordings from layer 2/3 and layer 4 visual cortical excitatory neurons and from parvalbumin-positive and somatostatin-positive inhibitory neurons in mice that were free to rest or run on a spherical treadmill. We found that the membrane potential of all cell types became more depolarized and (with the exception of somatostatin-positive interneurons) less variable during locomotion. Cholinergic input was essential for maintaining the unimodal membrane potential distribution during immobility, whereas noradrenergic input was necessary for the tonic depolarization associated with locomotion. Our results provide a mechanism for how neuromodulation controls the gain and signal-to-noise ratio of visual cortical neurons during changes in the state of vigilance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Nature Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 89943893 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Cellular mechanisms of brain state-dependent gain modulation in visual cortex. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Polack%2C+Pierre-Olivier%22">Polack, Pierre-Olivier</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Friedman%2C+Jonathan%22">Friedman, Jonathan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Golshani%2C+Peyman%22">Golshani, Peyman</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nature+Neuroscience%22">Nature Neuroscience</searchLink>. Sep2013, Vol. 16 Issue 9, p1331-1339. 9p. 8 Graphs. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neural+physiology%22">Neural physiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Locomotion%22">Locomotion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Motor+neurons%22">Motor neurons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Somatostatin%22">Somatostatin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Membrane+potential%22">Membrane potential</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Signal-to-noise+ratio%22">Signal-to-noise ratio</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Visual cortical neurons fire at higher rates to visual stimuli during locomotion than during immobility, while maintaining orientation selectivity. The mechanisms underlying this change in gain are not understood. We performed whole-cell recordings from layer 2/3 and layer 4 visual cortical excitatory neurons and from parvalbumin-positive and somatostatin-positive inhibitory neurons in mice that were free to rest or run on a spherical treadmill. We found that the membrane potential of all cell types became more depolarized and (with the exception of somatostatin-positive interneurons) less variable during locomotion. Cholinergic input was essential for maintaining the unimodal membrane potential distribution during immobility, whereas noradrenergic input was necessary for the tonic depolarization associated with locomotion. Our results provide a mechanism for how neuromodulation controls the gain and signal-to-noise ratio of visual cortical neurons during changes in the state of vigilance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Nature Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1038/nn.3464 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 9 StartPage: 1331 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Neural physiology Type: general – SubjectFull: Locomotion Type: general – SubjectFull: Motor neurons Type: general – SubjectFull: Somatostatin Type: general – SubjectFull: Membrane potential Type: general – SubjectFull: Signal-to-noise ratio Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Cellular mechanisms of brain state-dependent gain modulation in visual cortex. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Polack, Pierre-Olivier – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Friedman, Jonathan – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Golshani, Peyman IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 09 Text: Sep2013 Type: published Y: 2013 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 10976256 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 16 – Type: issue Value: 9 Titles: – TitleFull: Nature Neuroscience Type: main |
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