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Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Antiretroviral Treatment Among HIV-Infected Pregnant Medicaid Enrollees, 2005-2007.

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Title: Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Antiretroviral Treatment Among HIV-Infected Pregnant Medicaid Enrollees, 2005-2007.
Authors: Shun Zhang (AUTHOR), Senteio, Charles (AUTHOR), Felizzola, Jesus (AUTHOR), Rust, George (AUTHOR)
Source: American Journal of Public Health. Dec2013, Vol. 103 Issue 12, pe46-e53. 8p. 3 Charts.
Subjects: Antiretroviral agents, Vertical transmission (Communicable diseases), Medicaid statistics, Black people, Confidence intervals, Epidemiology, Health services accessibility, Hispanic Americans, HIV-positive persons, Insurance, Minorities, Prenatal care, Research funding, White people, Health insurance reimbursement, Eligibility (Social aspects), Data analysis, Multiple regression analysis, Health equity, Highly active antiretroviral therapy, Retrospective studies, Descriptive statistics, Prevention
Geographic Terms: Southern States
Abstract: Objectives. We examined racial/ethnic differences in prenatal antiretroviral (ARV) treatment among 3259 HIV-infected pregnant Medicaid enrollees. Methods. We analyzed 2005–2007 Medicaid claims data from 14 southern states, comparing rates of not receiving ARVs and suboptimal versus optimal ARV therapy. Results. More than one third (37.3%) had zero claims for ARV drugs. Three quarters (73.4%) of 346 Hispanic women received no prenatal ARVs. After we adjusted for covariates, Hispanic women had 3.89 (95% confidence interval = 2.58, 5.87) times the risk of not receiving ARVs compared with Whites. Hispanic women often had only 1 or 2 months of Medicaid eligibility, perhaps associated with barriers for immigrants. Less than 3 months of eligibility was strongly associated with nontreatment (adjusted odds ratio = 29.0; 95% confidence interval = 13.4, 62.7). Conclusions. Optimal HIV treatment rates in pregnancy are a public health priority, especially for preventing transmission to infants. Medicaid has the surveillance and drug coverage to ensure that all HIV-infected pregnant women are offered treatment. States that offer emergency Medicaid coverage for only delivery services to pregnant immigrants are missing an opportunity to screen, diagnose, and treat pregnant women with HIV, and to prevent HIV in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Antiretroviral Treatment Among HIV-Infected Pregnant Medicaid Enrollees, 2005-2007.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shun+Zhang%22">Shun Zhang</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Senteio%2C+Charles%22">Senteio, Charles</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Felizzola%2C+Jesus%22">Felizzola, Jesus</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rust%2C+George%22">Rust, George</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22American+Journal+of+Public+Health%22">American Journal of Public Health</searchLink>. Dec2013, Vol. 103 Issue 12, pe46-e53. 8p. 3 Charts.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antiretroviral+agents%22">Antiretroviral agents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vertical+transmission+%28Communicable+diseases%29%22">Vertical transmission (Communicable diseases)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medicaid+statistics%22">Medicaid statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Black+people%22">Black people</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Epidemiology%22">Epidemiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+services+accessibility%22">Health services accessibility</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hispanic+Americans%22">Hispanic Americans</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22HIV-positive+persons%22">HIV-positive persons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Insurance%22">Insurance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Minorities%22">Minorities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prenatal+care%22">Prenatal care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22White+people%22">White people</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+insurance+reimbursement%22">Health insurance reimbursement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eligibility+%28Social+aspects%29%22">Eligibility (Social aspects)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis%22">Data analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multiple+regression+analysis%22">Multiple regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+equity%22">Health equity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Highly+active+antiretroviral+therapy%22">Highly active antiretroviral therapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Retrospective+studies%22">Retrospective studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prevention%22">Prevention</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Southern+States%22">Southern States</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objectives. We examined racial/ethnic differences in prenatal antiretroviral (ARV) treatment among 3259 HIV-infected pregnant Medicaid enrollees. Methods. We analyzed 2005–2007 Medicaid claims data from 14 southern states, comparing rates of not receiving ARVs and suboptimal versus optimal ARV therapy. Results. More than one third (37.3%) had zero claims for ARV drugs. Three quarters (73.4%) of 346 Hispanic women received no prenatal ARVs. After we adjusted for covariates, Hispanic women had 3.89 (95% confidence interval = 2.58, 5.87) times the risk of not receiving ARVs compared with Whites. Hispanic women often had only 1 or 2 months of Medicaid eligibility, perhaps associated with barriers for immigrants. Less than 3 months of eligibility was strongly associated with nontreatment (adjusted odds ratio = 29.0; 95% confidence interval = 13.4, 62.7). Conclusions. Optimal HIV treatment rates in pregnancy are a public health priority, especially for preventing transmission to infants. Medicaid has the surveillance and drug coverage to ensure that all HIV-infected pregnant women are offered treatment. States that offer emergency Medicaid coverage for only delivery services to pregnant immigrants are missing an opportunity to screen, diagnose, and treat pregnant women with HIV, and to prevent HIV in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301328
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: e46
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Antiretroviral agents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Vertical transmission (Communicable diseases)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medicaid statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Black people
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Epidemiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health services accessibility
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hispanic Americans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: HIV-positive persons
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Insurance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Minorities
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Prenatal care
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: White people
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health insurance reimbursement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Eligibility (Social aspects)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multiple regression analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health equity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Highly active antiretroviral therapy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Retrospective studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Prevention
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Southern States
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Antiretroviral Treatment Among HIV-Infected Pregnant Medicaid Enrollees, 2005-2007.
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            NameFull: Senteio, Charles
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              M: 12
              Text: Dec2013
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              Y: 2013
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