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Stress and corticosterone increase the readily releasable pool of glutamate vesicles in synaptic terminals of prefrontal and frontal cortex.

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Title: Stress and corticosterone increase the readily releasable pool of glutamate vesicles in synaptic terminals of prefrontal and frontal cortex.
Authors: Treccani, G, Musazzi, L, Perego, C, Milanese, M, Nava, N, Bonifacino, T, Lamanna, J, Malgaroli, A, Drago, F, Racagni, G, Nyengaard, J R, Wegener, G, Bonanno, G, Popoli, M
Source: Molecular Psychiatry. Apr2014, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p433-443. 11p.
Subjects: Corticosterone, Anti-inflammatory agents, Adrenocortical hormones, Prefrontal cortex, Glutamic acid
Abstract: Stress and glucocorticoids alter glutamatergic transmission, and the outcome of stress may range from plasticity enhancing effects to noxious, maladaptive changes. We have previously demonstrated that acute stress rapidly increases glutamate release in prefrontal and frontal cortex via glucocorticoid receptor and accumulation of presynaptic SNARE complex. Here we compared the ex vivo effects of acute stress on glutamate release with those of in vitro application of corticosterone, to analyze whether acute effect of stress on glutamatergic transmission is mediated by local synaptic action of corticosterone. We found that acute stress increases both the readily releasable pool (RRP) of vesicles and depolarization-evoked glutamate release, while application in vitro of corticosterone rapidly increases the RRP, an effect dependent on synaptic receptors for the hormone, but does not induce glutamate release for up to 20 min. These findings indicate that corticosterone mediates the enhancement of glutamate release induced by acute stress, and the rapid non-genomic action of the hormone is necessary but not sufficient for this effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Molecular Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Stress and corticosterone increase the readily releasable pool of glutamate vesicles in synaptic terminals of prefrontal and frontal cortex.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Treccani%2C+G%22">Treccani, G</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Musazzi%2C+L%22">Musazzi, L</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Perego%2C+C%22">Perego, C</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Milanese%2C+M%22">Milanese, M</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nava%2C+N%22">Nava, N</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bonifacino%2C+T%22">Bonifacino, T</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lamanna%2C+J%22">Lamanna, J</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Malgaroli%2C+A%22">Malgaroli, A</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Drago%2C+F%22">Drago, F</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Racagni%2C+G%22">Racagni, G</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nyengaard%2C+J+R%22">Nyengaard, J R</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wegener%2C+G%22">Wegener, G</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bonanno%2C+G%22">Bonanno, G</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Popoli%2C+M%22">Popoli, M</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Molecular+Psychiatry%22">Molecular Psychiatry</searchLink>. Apr2014, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p433-443. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Corticosterone%22">Corticosterone</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anti-inflammatory+agents%22">Anti-inflammatory agents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adrenocortical+hormones%22">Adrenocortical hormones</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prefrontal+cortex%22">Prefrontal cortex</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glutamic+acid%22">Glutamic acid</searchLink>
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  Data: Stress and glucocorticoids alter glutamatergic transmission, and the outcome of stress may range from plasticity enhancing effects to noxious, maladaptive changes. We have previously demonstrated that acute stress rapidly increases glutamate release in prefrontal and frontal cortex via glucocorticoid receptor and accumulation of presynaptic SNARE complex. Here we compared the ex vivo effects of acute stress on glutamate release with those of in vitro application of corticosterone, to analyze whether acute effect of stress on glutamatergic transmission is mediated by local synaptic action of corticosterone. We found that acute stress increases both the readily releasable pool (RRP) of vesicles and depolarization-evoked glutamate release, while application in vitro of corticosterone rapidly increases the RRP, an effect dependent on synaptic receptors for the hormone, but does not induce glutamate release for up to 20 min. These findings indicate that corticosterone mediates the enhancement of glutamate release induced by acute stress, and the rapid non-genomic action of the hormone is necessary but not sufficient for this effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Molecular Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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