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Depressive Symptoms are Associated with Lower Bone Mineral Density in Young Adults with High Job Strain. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

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Title: Depressive Symptoms are Associated with Lower Bone Mineral Density in Young Adults with High Job Strain. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.
Authors: Oikonen, M., Hintsanen, M., Laaksonen, M., Mikkilä, V., Kähönen, M., Lehtimäki, T., Pulkki-Råback, L., Viikari, J., Keltikangas-Järvinen, L., Raitakari, O.
Source: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. Jun2014, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p464-469. 6p.
Subjects: Analysis of variance, Anthropometry, Cardiovascular diseases risk factors, Statistical correlation, Mental depression, Heel bone, Job stress, Longitudinal method, Multivariate analysis, Questionnaires, Research funding, Self-evaluation, Work environment, Secondary analysis, Bone density, Cross-sectional method, Descriptive statistics, Adults
Geographic Terms: Finland
Abstract: Background: Job strain has been associated with depressive symptoms, and depression has been associated with low bone mineral density (BMD). Purpose: The associations between BMD and job strain have not been studied. We examined the relations between BMD, job strain, and depressive symptoms in a population-based group of young adults in Finland. Method: Ultrasonic measurement of BMD at the calcaneus was performed on 777 participants (men 45 %, aged 30-45) drawn from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Job strain was assessed by self-administered questionnaires by the combination of job demands and job control. Depressive symptoms were assessed with a modified Beck Depression Inventory. The effects of job strain on BMD were studied with multivariable analyses with age, sex, BMI, vitamin D, and calcium intake, physical activity, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and depressive symptoms as covariates. Results: Depressive symptoms were independently associated with lower BMD T score in participants with high job strain ( β = −0.241, p = 0.02), but depressive symptoms were not significantly associated with BMD in the low ( β = −0.160, p = 0.26) and intermediate ( β = −0.042, p = 0.66) job strain categories. Conclusion: The results suggest that job strain modifies the association between depressive symptoms and BMD. Depressed individuals with high work-related stress might be in increased risk of lower bone mineral density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Behavioral Medicine is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Depressive Symptoms are Associated with Lower Bone Mineral Density in Young Adults with High Job Strain. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Oikonen%2C+M%2E%22">Oikonen, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hintsanen%2C+M%2E%22">Hintsanen, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Laaksonen%2C+M%2E%22">Laaksonen, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mikkilä%2C+V%2E%22">Mikkilä, V.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kähönen%2C+M%2E%22">Kähönen, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lehtimäki%2C+T%2E%22">Lehtimäki, T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pulkki-Råback%2C+L%2E%22">Pulkki-Råback, L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Viikari%2C+J%2E%22">Viikari, J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Keltikangas-Järvinen%2C+L%2E%22">Keltikangas-Järvinen, L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Raitakari%2C+O%2E%22">Raitakari, O.</searchLink>
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  Data: Background: Job strain has been associated with depressive symptoms, and depression has been associated with low bone mineral density (BMD). Purpose: The associations between BMD and job strain have not been studied. We examined the relations between BMD, job strain, and depressive symptoms in a population-based group of young adults in Finland. Method: Ultrasonic measurement of BMD at the calcaneus was performed on 777 participants (men 45 %, aged 30-45) drawn from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Job strain was assessed by self-administered questionnaires by the combination of job demands and job control. Depressive symptoms were assessed with a modified Beck Depression Inventory. The effects of job strain on BMD were studied with multivariable analyses with age, sex, BMI, vitamin D, and calcium intake, physical activity, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and depressive symptoms as covariates. Results: Depressive symptoms were independently associated with lower BMD T score in participants with high job strain ( β = −0.241, p = 0.02), but depressive symptoms were not significantly associated with BMD in the low ( β = −0.160, p = 0.26) and intermediate ( β = −0.042, p = 0.66) job strain categories. Conclusion: The results suggest that job strain modifies the association between depressive symptoms and BMD. Depressed individuals with high work-related stress might be in increased risk of lower bone mineral density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Behavioral Medicine is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s12529-013-9327-9
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