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Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus: exploring stigma in a community in western Uganda.

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Title: Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus: exploring stigma in a community in western Uganda.
Authors: Wynne, Ashley (AUTHOR), Richter, Solina (AUTHOR), Jhangri, Gian S. (AUTHOR), Alibhai, Arif (AUTHOR), Rubaale, Tom (AUTHOR), Kipp, Walter (AUTHOR)
Source: AIDS Care. Aug2014, Vol. 26 Issue 8, p940-946. 7p.
Subjects: Attitude (Psychology), Confidence intervals, Content analysis, Diseases, Drugs, Focus groups, HIV infections, Research methodology, Patient compliance, Questionnaires, Statistical sampling, Social stigma, Surveys, T-test (Statistics), Tuberculosis, Logistic regression analysis, Cross-sectional method, Data analysis software, Medical coding, Descriptive statistics, Odds ratio
Geographic Terms: Uganda
Abstract: The threat of tuberculosis (TB) in Uganda cannot be considered in isolation from the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Stigma contributes to delays in seeking treatment and poor adherence for both TB and HIV patients. This study aims to assess and describe stigma and predictors of stigma related to TB and HIV in the population of western Uganda. This was a cross-sectional mixed methods study. A survey was administered to 360 individuals, randomly selected from one district in western Uganda. Participants were classified as low/high stigma based on weighted scores built from survey questions. Logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors for high stigma. Six focus groups were conducted to inform survey findings; themes were developed using content analysis. Twenty-six per cent of respondents were found to have stigmatising attitudes towards HIV and 47% towards TB. Multivariate logistic regression models included age, sex, marital status, education, residence and having a friend with HIV/TB. Those who had an HIV-positive friend were less likely to have high HIV stigma (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.23–0.72). Those with secondary education or more were half as likely to have high TB stigma (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.27–0.91). Focus group participants felt that “normalisation” of HIV has contributed to reduced HIV stigma, but there is still a fear of being recognised at the HIV clinic. TB stigma causes patients to remain silent instead of seeking care. Fear of TB is driven by the assumption that “TB means HIV”. Declining HIV stigma is encouraging but more effort needs to be made to improve confidentiality. TB stigma is high and is likely affecting care seeking behaviour; TB awareness campaigns should be a priority and emphasise the treatability and curability of TB, regardless of HIV status. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Copyright of AIDS Care is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus: exploring stigma in a community in western Uganda.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wynne%2C+Ashley%22">Wynne, Ashley</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Richter%2C+Solina%22">Richter, Solina</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jhangri%2C+Gian+S%2E%22">Jhangri, Gian S.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alibhai%2C+Arif%22">Alibhai, Arif</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rubaale%2C+Tom%22">Rubaale, Tom</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kipp%2C+Walter%22">Kipp, Walter</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22AIDS+Care%22">AIDS Care</searchLink>. Aug2014, Vol. 26 Issue 8, p940-946. 7p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attitude+%28Psychology%29%22">Attitude (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Content+analysis%22">Content analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diseases%22">Diseases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drugs%22">Drugs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Focus+groups%22">Focus groups</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22HIV+infections%22">HIV infections</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+methodology%22">Research methodology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Patient+compliance%22">Patient compliance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+sampling%22">Statistical sampling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+stigma%22">Social stigma</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surveys%22">Surveys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22T-test+%28Statistics%29%22">T-test (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tuberculosis%22">Tuberculosis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Logistic+regression+analysis%22">Logistic regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-sectional+method%22">Cross-sectional method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+coding%22">Medical coding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Odds+ratio%22">Odds ratio</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Uganda%22">Uganda</searchLink>
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  Data: The threat of tuberculosis (TB) in Uganda cannot be considered in isolation from the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Stigma contributes to delays in seeking treatment and poor adherence for both TB and HIV patients. This study aims to assess and describe stigma and predictors of stigma related to TB and HIV in the population of western Uganda. This was a cross-sectional mixed methods study. A survey was administered to 360 individuals, randomly selected from one district in western Uganda. Participants were classified as low/high stigma based on weighted scores built from survey questions. Logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors for high stigma. Six focus groups were conducted to inform survey findings; themes were developed using content analysis. Twenty-six per cent of respondents were found to have stigmatising attitudes towards HIV and 47% towards TB. Multivariate logistic regression models included age, sex, marital status, education, residence and having a friend with HIV/TB. Those who had an HIV-positive friend were less likely to have high HIV stigma (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.23–0.72). Those with secondary education or more were half as likely to have high TB stigma (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.27–0.91). Focus group participants felt that “normalisation” of HIV has contributed to reduced HIV stigma, but there is still a fear of being recognised at the HIV clinic. TB stigma causes patients to remain silent instead of seeking care. Fear of TB is driven by the assumption that “TB means HIV”. Declining HIV stigma is encouraging but more effort needs to be made to improve confidentiality. TB stigma is high and is likely affecting care seeking behaviour; TB awareness campaigns should be a priority and emphasise the treatability and curability of TB, regardless of HIV status. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of AIDS Care is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=96039479
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/09540121.2014.882488
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 7
        StartPage: 940
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Attitude (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Content analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Diseases
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Drugs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Focus groups
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: HIV infections
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Patient compliance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical sampling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social stigma
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Surveys
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: T-test (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tuberculosis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Logistic regression analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
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      – SubjectFull: Medical coding
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      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Odds ratio
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Uganda
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus: exploring stigma in a community in western Uganda.
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              M: 08
              Text: Aug2014
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