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Assessing tissue damage in multiple sclerosis: a biomarker approach.

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Title: Assessing tissue damage in multiple sclerosis: a biomarker approach.
Authors: Burman, J., Zetterberg, H., Fransson, M., Loskog, A. SI., Raininko, R., Fagius, J.
Source: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. Aug2014, Vol. 130 Issue 2, p81-89. 9p.
Subjects: Tissue engineering, Multiple sclerosis, Biomarkers, Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, Spinal cord, Oligodendroglia
Abstract: Objectives Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) of the brain and spinal cord is the gold standard for assessing disease activity in multiple sclerosis ( MS). MRI is an excellent instrument for determination of accumulated damage to the brain and spinal cord, but tells us little about ongoing tissue damage. In this study, biomarkers of oligodendrocyte, axonal and astrocyte injury were related to MRI and clinical findings and used to assess tissue damage in MS. Materials and methods Cerebrospinal fluid from 44 patients with relapsing-remitting MS, 20 with secondary progressive MS and 15 controls were investigated with ELISA to determine levels of myelin basic protein ( MBP), neurofilament light ( NFL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein ( GFAp). Patients underwent MRI of the brain and spinal cord, and gadolinium enhancing lesions, T1 lesions and T2 lesions were counted. Results Patients in clinical relapse and patients with nonsymptomatic gadolinium enhancing lesions had high levels of MBP and NFL, indicating ongoing damage to oligodendrocytes and axons. The level of MBP dropped quickly within a week from the onset of a relapse, whereas NFL remained elevated for several weeks and GFAp slowly rose during the course of a relapse. Relapsing-remitting MS patients without gadolinium enhancing lesions had values of MBP, NFL and GFAp similar to controls, while patients with secondary progressive disease had moderately increased values of all biomarkers. Conclusions Analysis of MBP, NFL and GFAp provides direct means to measure tissue damage and is a useful addition to our methods for evaluation of MS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Acta Neurologica Scandinavica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Assessing tissue damage in multiple sclerosis: a biomarker approach.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tissue+engineering%22">Tissue engineering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multiple+sclerosis%22">Multiple sclerosis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biomarkers%22">Biomarkers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+resonance+imaging+of+the+brain%22">Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spinal+cord%22">Spinal cord</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oligodendroglia%22">Oligodendroglia</searchLink>
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  Data: Objectives Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) of the brain and spinal cord is the gold standard for assessing disease activity in multiple sclerosis ( MS). MRI is an excellent instrument for determination of accumulated damage to the brain and spinal cord, but tells us little about ongoing tissue damage. In this study, biomarkers of oligodendrocyte, axonal and astrocyte injury were related to MRI and clinical findings and used to assess tissue damage in MS. Materials and methods Cerebrospinal fluid from 44 patients with relapsing-remitting MS, 20 with secondary progressive MS and 15 controls were investigated with ELISA to determine levels of myelin basic protein ( MBP), neurofilament light ( NFL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein ( GFAp). Patients underwent MRI of the brain and spinal cord, and gadolinium enhancing lesions, T1 lesions and T2 lesions were counted. Results Patients in clinical relapse and patients with nonsymptomatic gadolinium enhancing lesions had high levels of MBP and NFL, indicating ongoing damage to oligodendrocytes and axons. The level of MBP dropped quickly within a week from the onset of a relapse, whereas NFL remained elevated for several weeks and GFAp slowly rose during the course of a relapse. Relapsing-remitting MS patients without gadolinium enhancing lesions had values of MBP, NFL and GFAp similar to controls, while patients with secondary progressive disease had moderately increased values of all biomarkers. Conclusions Analysis of MBP, NFL and GFAp provides direct means to measure tissue damage and is a useful addition to our methods for evaluation of MS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Acta Neurologica Scandinavica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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