Los desafíos de un nuevo ciclo de violencias. Una mirada desde la construcción territorial del Estado colombiano.

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Bibliographic Details
Title: Los desafíos de un nuevo ciclo de violencias. Una mirada desde la construcción territorial del Estado colombiano. (Spanish).
Alternate Title: The challenges of a new cycle of violence: a perspective from the territorial construction of the Colombian state. (English)
Authors: González G., Fernán E.
Source: Controversia (01204165). ene-jun2026, Issue 226, p2-17. 16p.
Subjects: Territorial governance, State power, Boundary disputes, Conflict theory, Political violence, Conflict management, Paramilitary forces
Geographic Terms: Colombia
Abstract (English): this text examines the emergence of a new cycle of violence in Colombia from a perspective centered on the territorial construction of the state, highlighting the hybrid nature of contemporary forms of violence that challenge traditional legal categories and conventional human rights frameworks. It argues that the Colombian state exhibits a differentiated presence across the territory, with uneven levels of institutional penetration and effectiveness in the different regions, resulting in phenomena such as "low-intensity citizenship" and "institutional apartheid", as well as the coexistence of State agents with illegal armed actors and illicit economies. Within this framework, recent dynamics of violence are explained by disputes over territorial control, intensified following the incomplete demobilization of armed groups and their subsequent reconfiguration, which has fostered the consolidation of parallel social orders and forms of criminal governance in peripheral regions. In light of this scenario, the author contends that peace policies must adopt a territorial approach that recognizes local specificities, strengthens institutions at subnational levels, and promotes effective articulation between the state and communities, emphasizing that overcoming this new cycle of violence depends on the progressive strengthening of state presence beyond exclusively military or centralist responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): este texto examina el surgimiento de un nuevo ciclo de violencias en Colombia a partir de una perspectiva centrada en la construcción territorial del Estado, destacando el carácter híbrido de las violencias contemporáneas que desafían las categorías tradicionales del derecho y los enfoques convencionales de los derechos humanos. Este enfoque constructivista parte de considerar que las instituciones del Estado no ejercen una presencia de manera homogénea y simultánea a lo largo del territorio del país, sino de manera diferenciada en el espacio y el tiempo, según las particularidades y tiempos de la regiones con niveles desiguales de penetración institucional y eficacia en ellas, que se traducen en fenómenos como "ciudadanías de baja intensidad" y "apartheid institucional", así como en la coexistencia de agentes estatales con actores armados ilegales y economías ilícitas. En este marco, las dinámicas recientes de violencia se explican por disputas por el control territorial, intensificadas tras la desmovilización incompleta de grupos armados y su posterior reconfiguración, lo que ha favorecido la consolidación de órdenes sociales paralelos y formas de gobernanza criminal en regiones periféricas. Ante este panorama, el autor plantea que las políticas de paz deben adoptar un enfoque territorial que reconozca las particularidades locales, fortalezca las instituciones en los niveles subnacionales y promueva una articulación efectiva entre el Estado y las comunidades, señalando que la superación de este nuevo ciclo de violencias depende del fortalecimiento progresivo de la presencia estatal más allá de respuestas exclusivamente militares o centralistas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Referencia Latina
Description
Abstract:this text examines the emergence of a new cycle of violence in Colombia from a perspective centered on the territorial construction of the state, highlighting the hybrid nature of contemporary forms of violence that challenge traditional legal categories and conventional human rights frameworks. It argues that the Colombian state exhibits a differentiated presence across the territory, with uneven levels of institutional penetration and effectiveness in the different regions, resulting in phenomena such as "low-intensity citizenship" and "institutional apartheid", as well as the coexistence of State agents with illegal armed actors and illicit economies. Within this framework, recent dynamics of violence are explained by disputes over territorial control, intensified following the incomplete demobilization of armed groups and their subsequent reconfiguration, which has fostered the consolidation of parallel social orders and forms of criminal governance in peripheral regions. In light of this scenario, the author contends that peace policies must adopt a territorial approach that recognizes local specificities, strengthens institutions at subnational levels, and promotes effective articulation between the state and communities, emphasizing that overcoming this new cycle of violence depends on the progressive strengthening of state presence beyond exclusively military or centralist responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:01204165
DOI:10.54118/controver.vi226.1444