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Hydraulic fracturing and groundwater contamination in India: evaluating the need for precautionary action.

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Title: Hydraulic fracturing and groundwater contamination in India: evaluating the need for precautionary action.
Authors: Yadav, Shashikant1 (AUTHOR) shashi.yadav@terisas.ac.in, Sarangi, Gopal K2 (AUTHOR) gopal.sarangi@terisas.ac.in, Ram Mohan, MP3 (AUTHOR) mprmohan@iima.ac.in
Source: Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law. Feb2020, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p47-63. 17p.
Subject Terms: *Hydraulic fracturing, *Precautionary principle, *Groundwater pollution, Shale gas, Hydraulic fracturing laws
Geographic Terms: India
Abstract: The hydraulic fracturing (fracking) and groundwater contamination debate started as soon as the commercial production of shale gas began in the United States. Since then there have been contrasting studies that have analysed the risk of groundwater contamination in carrying out fracking activities. In India, fracking is at its initial stage and therefore considering the groundwater contamination probabilities at the proposed sites, the Indian legislators/regulators may invoke the precautionary principle. This paper analyses the contrasting research over the probability of groundwater contamination, especially through methane migration, at fracking sites. Further, this paper examines the need for applying the precautionary principle, considering the scientific uncertainty prevailing over methane migration and groundwater contamination, to the Indian legal regime applicable to fracking activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Abstract:The hydraulic fracturing (fracking) and groundwater contamination debate started as soon as the commercial production of shale gas began in the United States. Since then there have been contrasting studies that have analysed the risk of groundwater contamination in carrying out fracking activities. In India, fracking is at its initial stage and therefore considering the groundwater contamination probabilities at the proposed sites, the Indian legislators/regulators may invoke the precautionary principle. This paper analyses the contrasting research over the probability of groundwater contamination, especially through methane migration, at fracking sites. Further, this paper examines the need for applying the precautionary principle, considering the scientific uncertainty prevailing over methane migration and groundwater contamination, to the Indian legal regime applicable to fracking activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:02646811
DOI:10.1080/02646811.2019.1693114