Response of mature Norway spruce to experimental thermal and drought stress in relation to Ips typographus attack: Crown temperatures and sap flow.
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| Title: | Response of mature Norway spruce to experimental thermal and drought stress in relation to Ips typographus attack: Crown temperatures and sap flow. |
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| Authors: | Karpov, Aleksandr1,2 (AUTHOR) aleksandr@fld.czu.cz, Pirtskhalava-Karpova, Nana1 (AUTHOR), Singh, Vivek Vikram1 (AUTHOR), Trubin, Aleksei1,3 (AUTHOR), Korolyova, Nataliya4,5 (AUTHOR), Modlinger, Roman1 (AUTHOR), Jakuš, Rastislav1,4 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Forest Ecology & Management. Jan2026, Vol. 600, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Plant transpiration, *Forest management, *Droughts, *Climate change, Norway spruce, Thermal stresses, Leaf temperature, Ips typographus |
| Geographic Terms: | Czech Republic |
| Abstract: | The effects of climate change are exacerbating the impact of drought and heat stress on forest ecosystems, affecting forests worldwide. This study investigates the physiological responses of mature Norway spruce (Picea abies) to drought and thermal stress, focusing on sap flow and crown temperature. Three trial plots were established in Kostelec nad Černými Lesy, Czech Republic, under different conditions: forest edge, under rain-excluding roofs (simulating drought), and forest interior. A combination of remote sensing techniques, including spectral indices, LiDAR, and direct sap flow measurements, was used to assess the tree response. Sap flow sensors, aerial hyperspectral, and thermal imaging were employed to measure sap flow and crown temperature, while LiDAR was used to assess canopy structure. Edge trees exhibited pronounced thermal stress with crown temperatures elevated by 2.91°C (large effect) yet maintained sap flow comparable to controls (negligible effect). Conversely, drought-stressed trees showed substantial reductions in sap flow (−2.14 kg/h, large effect) despite moderate crown temperature increases (+0.70°C, medium effect). Spectral indices decreased significantly in both stressed groups (large effect), proving valuable for detecting water stress. Bark beetle attacks occurred exclusively in drought-stressed plots. Generalized additive models revealed that sap flow was primarily driven by trunk diameter, soil water potential, and crown temperature, while crown temperature was predominantly controlled by neighborhood canopy density, sap flow, and solar radiation. These findings highlight the importance of understanding physiological responses for developing forest management strategies to mitigate climate change effects and bark beetle outbreaks. [Display omitted] • The rain exclusion roofs reduced sap flow by 2,1 kg/h. • The crown temperatures rose by 2.9°C at the forest edges. • Spruce bark beetle attacks are linked to prolonged drought stress. • Spectral indices are sensitive to prolonged drought and acute thermal stress. • The most robust predictors of crown temperature are sap flow and canopy density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | GreenFILE |
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