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Analysis of Aerobic Inverse Fluidized Bed Biofilm Reactor (AIFBBR) for Treating Rice Mill Effluents Under Variable Hydraulic Retention Times (HRTs).

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Title: Analysis of Aerobic Inverse Fluidized Bed Biofilm Reactor (AIFBBR) for Treating Rice Mill Effluents Under Variable Hydraulic Retention Times (HRTs).
Authors: Challa, Mallikarjuna1,2 (AUTHOR) challa@post.bgu.ac.il, Dash, Rajesh Roshan1 (AUTHOR) rrdash@iitbbs.ac.in
Source: Water, Air & Soil Pollution. Mar2026, Vol. 237 Issue 6, p1-16. 16p.
Subject Terms: *Wastewater treatment, *Organic compounds, *Chemical oxygen demand, *Biological nutrient removal, Biofilms, Rice processing
Abstract: This paper presents the effect of hydraulic retention times (HRT) variations while treating the rice mill wastewater (simulated) in the aerobic inverse fluidized bed biofilm reactor (AIFBBR). For the current AIFBBR system, low-density K5 media was used as the bio-support. The aspects related to hydrodynamic parameters (minimum fluidization velocity (Umf), gas hold up (εg), and superficial airflow velocity (Ug)) of the K5 media concerning the AIFBBR system were furnished in the study. The present AIFBBR system resulted in a minimum Umf of 0.000231 m/s for the bio-support. HRT values of 6 h, 12 h, 18 h, and 24 h were considered for the current study with 30% bed volume. Maximum removal of 92.74% and 94.42% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) was observed for 24 h HRT. A good amount of NH4+-N removal was observed in the study; however, the PO43−-P was not removed much. The study has also yielded the attached biomass of 16.63–25.79 mg/bioparticle, 508–672 mg/L of suspended biomass, and a sludge volume index value (SVI) of 43.31–156.25 ml/g. Parameters such as NO3−-N and lignin were also monitored throughout the study. Highlights: The low-density K5 media was used in the present aerobic inverse fluidized bed biofilm reactor (AIFBBR) study. The variation of the hydrodynamic parameters (minimum fluidization, phase holdup, and gas holdup) with %bed volume are included. Along with the COD, TOC, and lignin, variations of nutrients such as PO43−-P, NH4+-N, and NO3−-N were included in the study. Both the attached and suspended biosolids characteristics were monitored in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Abstract:This paper presents the effect of hydraulic retention times (HRT) variations while treating the rice mill wastewater (simulated) in the aerobic inverse fluidized bed biofilm reactor (AIFBBR). For the current AIFBBR system, low-density K5 media was used as the bio-support. The aspects related to hydrodynamic parameters (minimum fluidization velocity (Umf), gas hold up (εg), and superficial airflow velocity (Ug)) of the K5 media concerning the AIFBBR system were furnished in the study. The present AIFBBR system resulted in a minimum Umf of 0.000231 m/s for the bio-support. HRT values of 6 h, 12 h, 18 h, and 24 h were considered for the current study with 30% bed volume. Maximum removal of 92.74% and 94.42% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) was observed for 24 h HRT. A good amount of NH4+-N removal was observed in the study; however, the PO43−-P was not removed much. The study has also yielded the attached biomass of 16.63–25.79 mg/bioparticle, 508–672 mg/L of suspended biomass, and a sludge volume index value (SVI) of 43.31–156.25 ml/g. Parameters such as NO3−-N and lignin were also monitored throughout the study. Highlights: The low-density K5 media was used in the present aerobic inverse fluidized bed biofilm reactor (AIFBBR) study. The variation of the hydrodynamic parameters (minimum fluidization, phase holdup, and gas holdup) with %bed volume are included. Along with the COD, TOC, and lignin, variations of nutrients such as PO43−-P, NH4+-N, and NO3−-N were included in the study. Both the attached and suspended biosolids characteristics were monitored in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:00496979
DOI:10.1007/s11270-025-09043-2