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Investigation Into the Role of Sulfides on Arsenic Release and Immobilization in Anaerobic Groundwater: Insights from Batch Experiments.

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Title: Investigation Into the Role of Sulfides on Arsenic Release and Immobilization in Anaerobic Groundwater: Insights from Batch Experiments.
Authors: Peng, Sanxi1 (AUTHOR), Wu, Ning1 (AUTHOR), Shan, Huimei2,3,4 (AUTHOR) shanhuimei@glut.edu.cn, Liu, Jigang2,3 (AUTHOR), Liu, Yunquan2,3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Water, Air & Soil Pollution. Jun2026, Vol. 237 Issue 12, p1-24. 24p.
Subject Terms: *Sulfides, *Arsenic sulfide, *Anoxic waters, *Microbial communities, *Biogeochemical cycles, Batch reactors, Iron sulfides, Arsenic removal (Groundwater purification)
Abstract: The biogeochemical cycles of arsenic (As) and sulfur (S) are intricately linked, yet their interactive mechanisms under anaerobic conditions are not fully understood. This study elucidated these mechanisms through 85-day batch experiments, incubating natural sediments with varying As and S contents (including Low As-sed, As(III)-sed, As(V)-sed, As(III)/S(II)-sed, and As(V)/S(II)-sed) in anaerobic groundwater. Results demonstrated that sulfide (S(II)) fundamentally controlled As release and transformation. In As(III)/S(II)-sed and As(V)/S(II)-sed systems, aqueous As, primarily as As(V), surged to about 6400 and 6000 μg/L within 5 days before declining to 1400 and 2300 μg/L. In contrast, the systems with As(III)-sed and As(V)-sed, aqueous As mainly existed as As(III) and increased gradually to about 4900 and 4500 μg/L before 40 days, respectively, and then decreased to about 3200 and 3000 μg/L, respectively. The initial, rapid mobilization was driven by S(II)-promoted ferric iron (Fe(III)) reduction and competitive adsorption, while subsequent sequestration was attributed to the precipitation of arsenic-sulfide minerals (As2S3, AsS) and iron-sulfide minerals (FeS2, FeS). Microbial community analysis revealed the dominance of anaerobic organisms involved in organic matter decomposition and arsenate reduction, confirming a biological role in As transformation. These findings clarify the dual role of S(II) in controlling the mobility and fixation of As within sulfur-iron-arsenic-rich aquifers, providing a theoretical foundation for managing As contamination in such groundwater systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Investigation Into the Role of Sulfides on Arsenic Release and Immobilization in Anaerobic Groundwater: Insights from Batch Experiments.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Peng%2C+Sanxi%22">Peng, Sanxi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wu%2C+Ning%22">Wu, Ning</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shan%2C+Huimei%22">Shan, Huimei</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> shanhuimei@glut.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Jigang%22">Liu, Jigang</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Yunquan%22">Liu, Yunquan</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Water%2C+Air+%26+Soil+Pollution%22">Water, Air & Soil Pollution</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 237 Issue 12, p1-24. 24p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sulfides%22">Sulfides</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Arsenic+sulfide%22">Arsenic sulfide</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anoxic+waters%22">Anoxic waters</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microbial+communities%22">Microbial communities</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biogeochemical+cycles%22">Biogeochemical cycles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Batch+reactors%22">Batch reactors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Iron+sulfides%22">Iron sulfides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Arsenic+removal+%28Groundwater+purification%29%22">Arsenic removal (Groundwater purification)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The biogeochemical cycles of arsenic (As) and sulfur (S) are intricately linked, yet their interactive mechanisms under anaerobic conditions are not fully understood. This study elucidated these mechanisms through 85-day batch experiments, incubating natural sediments with varying As and S contents (including Low As-sed, As(III)-sed, As(V)-sed, As(III)/S(II)-sed, and As(V)/S(II)-sed) in anaerobic groundwater. Results demonstrated that sulfide (S(II)) fundamentally controlled As release and transformation. In As(III)/S(II)-sed and As(V)/S(II)-sed systems, aqueous As, primarily as As(V), surged to about 6400 and 6000 μg/L within 5 days before declining to 1400 and 2300 μg/L. In contrast, the systems with As(III)-sed and As(V)-sed, aqueous As mainly existed as As(III) and increased gradually to about 4900 and 4500 μg/L before 40 days, respectively, and then decreased to about 3200 and 3000 μg/L, respectively. The initial, rapid mobilization was driven by S(II)-promoted ferric iron (Fe(III)) reduction and competitive adsorption, while subsequent sequestration was attributed to the precipitation of arsenic-sulfide minerals (As2S3, AsS) and iron-sulfide minerals (FeS2, FeS). Microbial community analysis revealed the dominance of anaerobic organisms involved in organic matter decomposition and arsenate reduction, confirming a biological role in As transformation. These findings clarify the dual role of S(II) in controlling the mobility and fixation of As within sulfur-iron-arsenic-rich aquifers, providing a theoretical foundation for managing As contamination in such groundwater systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Water, Air & Soil Pollution is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s11270-026-09387-3
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 24
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Sulfides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Arsenic sulfide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anoxic waters
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microbial communities
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      – SubjectFull: Biogeochemical cycles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Batch reactors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Iron sulfides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Arsenic removal (Groundwater purification)
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Investigation Into the Role of Sulfides on Arsenic Release and Immobilization in Anaerobic Groundwater: Insights from Batch Experiments.
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            NameFull: Peng, Sanxi
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            NameFull: Wu, Ning
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            NameFull: Shan, Huimei
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            NameFull: Liu, Jigang
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              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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